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| Syllables and stress | |
| 2>
Syllables are separated by hyphens ("-"). The stress on a syllable is indicated by writing the syllable in small capital letters.[1]
Respelling symbols
IPA symbols
Notes
"Pronunciation":
prə-NUN-see-AY-shən
/prəˌnʌnsiːˈeɪʃən/
"Primary" and "secondary" stress are not distinguished, as the difference is automatic.
Tags:Ipa,Syllables,Stress,Ipa Symbols,Secondary,Ipa Symbol,Respell, | |
| Vowels | |
| 2>
Respelling symbol(s)
Example
IPA symbol
Notes
a
trap
/æ/
Australian /æ/ or /æː/[2]
Scottish /a/
ah
palm
/ɑː/
air
square
/ɛər/
ar
start
/ɑr/
Scottish /ar/
arr
marry
/ær/
aw
thought
/ɔː/
American /ɔ/ or /ɑ/[3]
ay
face
/eɪ/
ə
about
/ə/ or /ɨ/
Unstressed neutral vowel.
(Sometimes i may be used for /ɨ/.)
ər
letter
/ər/ or /ɚ/
Unstressed neutral rhotic vowel
e
dress
/ɛ/
ee
fleece
/iː/ or /i/
also the second vowel of city[4]
eer
near
/ɪər/
err
merry
/ɛr/
ew
ewe, dew
/juː/
American /u/ or /ju/[5]
ewr
cure
/jʊər/
eye
item
/aɪ/
Spelled -y after a consonant.
The same vowel as the price example below
i
kit
/ɪ/
either vowel of business BIZ-niss
irr
mirror
/ɪr/
o
lot
/ɒ/
-o- by itself may be /ɵ/
oh
goat
/oʊ/
oo
food
/uː/
Scottish /ʉ/
oor
poor
/ʊər/
or or ohr
force or wore
/ɔər/
Australian /oː(ɹ)/
or or awr
north or war
/ɔr/
Scottish /ɔr/
orr
orange
/ɒr/
ow
mouth
/aʊ/
owr
hour
/aʊər/
oy
choice
/ɔɪ/
u
strut
/ʌ/
ur
nurse
/ɜr/ or /ɝː/
American /ɜɹ, ɝ/
Scottish /ʌr, ɛr, ɪr/[6]
urr
hurry
/ʌr/
uu
foot
/ʊ/
Scottish /ʉ/
-y
price, dye
/aɪ/
after a consonant, otherwise spelled eye.
American /aɪ/ or /ɐɪ/[7]
yr
fire
/aɪər/
Tags:Rhotic,Sc, | |
| Consonants | |
| 2>
Respelling symbol
Example
IPA symbol(s)
Notes
b
but, web
/b/
ch
church, nature
/tʃ/
d
do, odd
/d/
dh
this, father, breathe
/ð/
This sound is similar to th /θ/, but voiced.
f
fool, enough, leaf
/f/
g or gh
go, beg, ghee
/ɡ/
Not as in gem or gin, which is j /dʒ/. For legibility, ghee is used instead of gee in a few articles.
h
ham, ahead
/h/
j
gin, joy, edge
/dʒ/
k
cat, kiss, skin, quick
/k/
kh
loch
/x/
Pronounced like k by many speakers
l
left, bell
/l/
m
man, ham
/m/
n
no, tin
/n/
ng
ring, singer, sink
/ŋ/
Not the sound in finger, which is ng-g /ŋɡ/.
ng-g
finger
/ŋɡ/
p
pen, spin, tip
/p/
r
run, very
/r/
s or ss
see, city, pass
/s/
Not as in rose, which is z /z/. Use ss in positions where single s is normally /z/ in English, such as the end of a word after a vowel or a voiced consonant: for example, transliterate "ice" as eyess, not eyes and "tense" as tenss, not tens.
sh
she, sure, emotion, leash
/ʃ/
t
two, sting, bet
/t/
th
thing, teeth
/θ/
v
voice, have
/v/
w
we, quick
/w/
wh
what
/hw/
In many dialects, people substitute w for this sound.
y
yes
/j/
z
zoo, rose, lens
/z/
zh
pleasure, vision, beige
/ʒ/
Speakers generally substitute j /dʒ/ for this sound at the beginning of a word, except in proper names such as Zsa Zsa.
Tags:Ipa Symbol(s),Voiced,Zsa Zsa, | |
| Optional sounds | |
| 2>
When a certain sound is pronounced by some speakers but not by others, the sound is put inside parentheses (round brackets). It is correct to say the word either with or without the sound. For example, the respelled pronunciation of the word fuchsia is "few-sh(i)ə". It can either be pronounced "few-shi-ə" or "few-shə".
Tags: | |
| See also | |
| 2>
English pronunciation of Greek letters
Pronunciation respelling for English
Traditional English pronunciation of Latin
Help:IPA for English
Help:IPA
{{Respell}}—a template that can be used to indicate respelled pronunciations
Wikipedia:WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia/Pronunciation task force
Tags:English Pronunciation Of Greek Letters,Pronunciation Respelling For English,Traditional English Pronunciation Of Latin,Help:ipa For English,Help:ipa,Wikipedia:wikiproject Spoken Wikipedia/pronunciation Task Force, | |
| Notes | |
| 2>
^ Wikipedia editors can create small capital letters like this: "{{sc|syllable in lowercase (small) letters}}".
^ See "Bad-lad split" for details of this distinction.
^ This assumes the absence of the cot-caught merger. In accents with this merger, aw represents the same sound as o.
^ This assumes "happy-tensing". In accents without happy-tensing, unstressed ee is pronounced like i.
^ Dependent on accent, the /j/ is pronounced after some consonants, coalesceses with other consonants or is dropped entirely.
^ See Fern-fir-fur merger for details of this distinction.
^ Value depends on voicing of following consonant; phonemic for very few words.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_key&oldid=462059558"
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