Western Europe Photos:

Western Europe
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Western Europe
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Western Europe
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Western Europe
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Western Europe Basic Informations:

Classical antiquity and medieval origins
3> As Roman domain expanded, a cultural and linguistic division appeared between the mainly Greek-speaking eastern provinces which had formed the highly urbanized Hellenistic civilization. In contrast, the western territories largely adopted the Latin language. This cultural and linguistic division was eventually reinforced by the later political east-west division of the Roman Empire. The division between these two was enhanced during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages by a number of events. The Western Roman Empire collapsed starting the Early Middle Ages. By contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire, mostly known as the Greek or Byzantine Empire, managed to survive and even to thrive for another 1000 years. The rise of the Frankish Empire in the west, and in particular the Great Schism that formally divided Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism, enhanced the cultural and religious distinctiveness between Eastern and Western Europe. The conquest of the Byzantine Empire, center of the Eastern Orthodox Church, by the Muslim Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, and the gradual fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire (which had replaced the Frankish Empire) led to a change of the importance of Roman Catholic/Protestant vs. Eastern Orthodox concept in Europe. Western Europe's significant historical events include the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation by Martin Luther and the Counter-Reformation of the Catholic Church, the Age of Enlightenment, the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. [edit]

Tags:Iss,Cultural,Political,Roman,Greek,Hellenistic Civilization,Latin Language,Roman Empire,Late Antiquity,Middle Ages,Western Roman Empire,Early Middle Ages,Byzantine Empire,Frankish Empire,Great Schism,Eastern Orthodoxy,Roman Catholicism,Eastern Orthodox Church,Muslim,Ottoman Empire,Holy Roman Empire,Roman Catholic,Protestant,Eastern Orthodox,Renaissance,Protestant Reformation,Martin Luther,Counter-reformation,Catholic Church,Age Of Enlightenment,French Revolution,Industrial Revolution,The West,Western,Eastern,Middle,Latin,
Cold War
3> During the final stages of World War II the future of Europe was decided between the Allies in the 1945 Yalta Conference, between the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and the Premier of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin. Post-war Europe would be divided into two major spheres: the West, influenced by the United States, and the Eastern Bloc, influenced by the Soviet Union. With the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. This term had been used during World War II by German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels and later Count Lutz Schwerin von Krosigk in the last days of the war; however, its use was hugely popularised by Winston Churchill, who used it in his famous "Sinews of Peace" address March 5, 1946 at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri: “ From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia; all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow. ” Although some countries were officially neutral, they were classified according to the nature of their political and economical systems. This division has largely defined the popular perception and understanding of Western Europe and its borders with Eastern Europe till this day. [edit]

Tags:Cold War,Soviet Influence,Eastern Bloc,Allies,Yalta Conference,British Prime Minister,Winston Churchill,U.s. President,Franklin Delano Roosevelt,Soviet Union,Joseph Stalin,Iron Curtain,World War Ii,Propaganda Minister,Joseph Goebbels,Lutz Schwerin Von Krosigk,Westminster College,Stettin,Baltic,Trieste,Adriatic,Central,Eastern Europe,Warsaw,Berlin,Prague,Vienna,Budapest,Belgrade,Bucharest,Sofia,Neutral,
Eastern Europe
4> This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2010) Trade blocs in 1988. EEC member states are marked in blue, EFTA – green, and Comecon – red. Eastern Europe, in the view accepted after the second World War, was mainly composed of all the European countries occupied by the Soviet army. It included the German Democratic Republic, widely known as East Germany, formed by the Soviet occupation zone of Germany. All the countries in Eastern Europe had Communist regimes imposed upon them. Most of these countries were officially independent from the Soviet Union, but the practical extent of this independence was quite limited. In some matters many of them were little more than client-states of the Soviet Union. Currently, the borders of Eastern Europe are a topic of debate, especially because of the countries and people of post communists governments identifying themselves with Central Europe and Northern Europe. Most of these countries were members of the military Warsaw pact and its economic twin COMECON. First and foremost was the Soviet Union (which included the modern-day territories of Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova). Other countries dominated by the Soviet Union were the German Democratic Republic, People's Republic of Poland, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, People's Republic of Hungary, People's Republic of Bulgaria and Socialist Republic of Romania. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (formed after World War II and before its later dismemberment) was not a member of the Warsaw Pact. It was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement, an organization created in an attempt to avoid being assigned to any of the two blocs. It was demonstratively independent from the Soviet Union for most of the Cold War period, but because of its communist regime it was widely regarded part of the Eastern/communist bloc. Socialist People's Republic of Albania broke with the Soviet Union in the early 1960s as a result of the Sino-Soviet split, aligning itself instead with China. Despite this, it had a communist regime and thus was considered part of the Eastern/communist bloc. [edit]

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Western Europe
4> During this period of cold War Western Europe was used as a reference to: Andorra Austria[citation needed] Belgium Denmark[citation needed] Finland[citation needed] France German Federal Republic Greece[citation needed] Iceland[citation needed] Ireland Italy[citation needed] Liechtenstein[citation needed] Luxembourg[citation needed] Malta[citation needed] Monaco[citation needed] Netherlands Norway[citation needed] Portugal[citation needed] San Marino[citation needed] Spain[citation needed] Sweden[citation needed] Switzerland[citation needed] United Kingdom Vatican City[citation needed] [edit]

Tags:Andorra,Austria,Belgium,
Modern political developments
3> The world changed dramatically with the fall of the "Iron Curtain" in 1989. The Federal Republic of Germany peacefully absorbed the German Democratic Republic, leading to the German reunification. COMECON and the Warsaw Pact were dissolved, and in 1991, the Soviet Union ceased to exist. Several countries which had been part of the Soviet Union regained their full independence. Although the term Western Europe was largely a term of the Cold War, it still remains much in use. The term is commonly used in the media and in everyday use both in "western" and other regions of Europe. Western Europe has increasingly less to do with the European Union.[citation needed] The 1995, 2004, and 2007 enlargements saw many post-Communist countries joining the EU, and a view that Europe is divided strictly into the West and the East is sometimes considered patronising or pejorative by many in the countries geographically located in Central Europe and the Baltic states[citation needed]. [edit]

Tags:European Union,Geographically,
United Nations
2> Regions used for statistical processing purposes by the United Nations Statistics Division (Western Europe marked light blue):   Northern Europe   Western Europe   Eastern Europe   Southern Europe The United Nations Statistics Division published in 2011 considers Western Europe to consist of the following nine countries,[1] except in the case of United Nations Regional Groups, in which the term also includes northern and southern Europe:  Austria  Belgium  France  Germany  Liechtenstein  Luxembourg  Monaco  Netherlands  Switzerland According to the UN Statistics Division, the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories by the United Nations.[2] [edit]

Tags:United Nations,United Nations Regional Groups,Southern Europe,
Population of Western Europe
2> Western Europe according to CIA, Encyclopædia Britannica[citation needed], Brockhaus Encyclopedia[citation needed], Encarta Encyclopedia[citation needed], Columbia Encyclopedia[citation needed], and the BBC[citation needed] Population of various countries that were commonly referred to as "Western Europe" between World War II and the fall of communism in Europe.[1] Country Population (2011 est.) Population (2000 est.) -/+ of Population Percent change Capital  Austria 8,414,638 8,002,186 412,452 4.90% Vienna  Belgium 11,007,020 10,296,350 710,670 6.45% Brussels  Denmark 5,564,219 5,330,020 234,019 4.20% Copenhagen  Finland 5,388,417 5,167,486 220,931 4.10% Helsinki  France 65,821,885 60,537,977 5,283,908 8.02% Paris  Germany 81,799,600 82,163,475 -363,875 -0.44% Berlin  Greece 10,787,690 10,964,020 -176,330 -1.63% Athens  Iceland 318,452 279,049 39,403 12.37% Reykjavík  Ireland 4,581,269 3,777,763 803,506 17.53% Dublin  Italy 60,681,514 56,923,524 3,757,990 6.19% Rome  Luxembourg 511,840 433,600 78,240 15.28% Luxembourg  Netherlands 16,699,600 15,863,950 835,650 5.00% Amsterdam  Norway 4,989,300 4,478,497 510,803 10.23% Oslo  Portugal 10,647,763 10,195,014 452,749 4.25% Lisbon  Spain 46,030,109 40,049,708 5,980,401 13.00% Madrid  Sweden 9,415,570 8,861,426 554,144 5.88% Stockholm  Switzerland 7,866,500 7,162,444 704,056 8.95% Bern  United Kingdom 62,262,000 58,785,246 3,476,754 5.58% London Total 412,787,386 389,273,735 23,513,651 5.70% [edit]

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See also
2> Geography portal Europe portal Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Western Europe Western European Union Western world First World New Europe Old Europe Marshall Plan Eastern Europe Central Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Romano-Germanic culture [edit]

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References
2> This article uses bare URLs for citations. Please consider adding full citations so that the article remains verifiable. Several templates and the Reflinks tool are available to assist in formatting. (Reflinks documentation) (November 2011) ^ United Nations Statistics Division – Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings ^ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm [edit]

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Sources
2> The Making of Europe, ISBN 0-14-015409-4, by Robert Bartlett Crescent and Cross, ISBN 1-84212-753-5, by Hugh Bicheno The Normans, ISBN 0-7524-2881-0, by Trevor Rowley 1066 The Year of the Three Battles, ISBN 0-7126-6672-9, by Frank McLynn [edit]

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External links
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