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Verticillium dahliae infecting sunflower
Verticillium dahliae Kleb.
Verticillium conidiophores
Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold - Causes Verticillium Wilt or Maple Wilt. First identified from potatoes in Germany in 1870, this species attacks over 300 different cultivated plants and can persist as a saprotrophic soil organism for more than 15 years. When infecting ornamental trees like maples, elms, aspen, ash, beech, catalpa, oak and others, the first symptoms are midsummer wilting on one side of a tree or branch. The sapwood has greenish or brownish streaks, and the infection can take a few years to progress to the rest of the tree or move rapidly. The fungi universally move up the xylem vessels. In fruit trees the infection is known as 'Black Heart' and is common in apricots and sometimes affects almond, peach, plum and avocado trees. This fungus also affects herbaceous ornamentals and vegetables like Chrysanthemum, mints, Lychnis, tomatoes, eggplants, okra, and rhubarb, causing wilting and death. Identification can be made by looking for one-celled conidia, hyaline round to ellipsoid which are formed at the tips of whorled branches. They are easily separated from the tips.
Nematode pathogens, previously in Verticillium, have now been placed in the new genus Pochonia.
All insect pathogens have been placed in the new genus Lecanicillium[2]. An approved name of Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman) Viegas is now Lecanicillium lecanii although this now also includes: L. attenuatum, L. longisporum, L. muscarium and L. nodulosum.
[edit] Tags:Fungi,Genus,Wilt,Potatoes,Cultivated,Saprotrophic,Infecting,Maples,Elms,Aspen,Ash,Beech,Catalpa,Oak,Symptoms,Xylem,Herbaceous,Conidia,Hyaline,Whorled,Pochonia,Insect Pathogens,Lecanicillium,Lecanicillium Lecanii, | |
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^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. Wallingford: CABI. p. 724. ISBN 0-85199-826-7.
^ R. Zare & W. Gams Nova Hedwigia 71: 329-337, 2001
Barbara, D.J. & Clewes, E. (2003). "Plant pathogenic Verticillium species: how many of them are there?" Molecular Plant Pathology 4(4).297-305. Blackwell Publishing.
Phillips, D. H. & Burdekin, D. A. (1992). Diseases of Forest and Ornamental Trees. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-49493-8.
Zare,R. and Gams, W. (2001). A revision of Verticillium sect. Prostrata. III. Generic classification. Nova Hedwigia. 72. 329-337.
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| External links | |
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Fact sheet from Ohio State University Extension on verticillium and fusarium
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