Spanish East Indies Photos:

Spanish East Indies
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Spanish East Indies
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Spanish East Indies
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Spanish East Indies
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Spanish East Indies Basic Informations:

History
2> Main articles: History of the Philippines (1521–1898), Spanish settlement in the Philippines, and History of Guam [edit]

Tags:Spanish,History Of ,Guam,History Of The Philippines (1521–1898),Spanish Settlement In The Philippines,History Of Guam,History Of The Philippines,
Exploration and Settlement (1521–1643)
3> Spanish contact began on March 6, 1521, when the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan reached the Mariana Islands. He named Guam "Isla de Ladrones" (Island of Thieves) because some of his supplies in the galleon Trinidad were stolen. Magellan's crew eventually left the island and reached the island of Homonhon in the Philippines on March 16, with only 150 crewmen. There, they met the indigenous peoples and were able to communicate with them because the Malayan interpreter, Enrique of Malacca, could understand the natives' language. Routes of early Spanish expeditions in the Philippines. The territories in Asia claimed by the Spanish crown was governed by the Viceroyalty of New Spain in Mexico City. Seeking to develop trade between the East Indies and the Americas across the Pacific Ocean, Antonio de Mendoza encouraged the exploration of Spain's new territories, as he commissioned the expedition of Ruy López de Villalobos to the Philippines in 1542-1543. Miguel López de Legazpi set out from Mexico, and established the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines in 1565, which became the town of San Miguel. Andrés de Urdaneta discovered an efficient sailing route from the Philippines returning to Mexico. In 1570, the native city of Manila was conquered and trade links soon began in the Manila-Acapulco Galleons. The Manila-Acapulco galleons shipped products gathered from both Asia-Pacific and the Americas, such as silk, spice, silver, gold and other Asian-Pacific islander products to Mexico. Products brought from Asia-Pacific were sent to Veracruz and shipped to Spain and, via trading, to the rest of Europe. While Spanish-Mexican colonist brought with them Hispanic and indigenous Mexican customs, religion, languages, foods and cultural traditions to the Philippines, Guam and the Mariana Islands. In 1606, the Spaniards established some form of trade links with the Maluku Islands and remained until 1663. Contacts with Japan were also established and Sebastián Vizcaíno was sent as ambassador in 1611, until Japan closed its trading post in 1630. On the north eastern coastal region of Taiwan, the Spaniards built Fort Santo Domingo near Keelung in 1626 and a mission in Tamsui in 1628, which they occupied until 1642. Several Pacific islands were visited by Spanish ships in the 16th century, including New Guinea (Yñigo Ortiz de Retez in 1545), the Solomon Islands (Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa in 1568) and the Marquesas Islands (Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira in 1595), but they made no effort to trade with or colonize them. In 1668, Diego Luis de San Vitores established the first mission in Guam, Mariana Islands. In 1762 British troops briefly captured the city of Manila during the Seven Years' War. However, they were unable to establish control over areas outside Manila. Through the efforts of the Spanish lieutenant governor, Simón de Anda y Salazar, the remainder of the islands remained loyal to Spain. The British promised support for an uprising led by Diego Silang and his wife Gabriela but the British force never materialized. Under the peace settlement Manila was exchanged, along with British-occupied Havana, for Florida and Minorca. It was handed back to Spanish authorities in April 1764. [edit]

Tags:Manila,Asia-pacific,Mariana Islands,Taiwan,Viceroyalty Of New Spain,Mexico City,Portuguese,Ferdinand Magellan,Homonhon,Enrique Of Malacca,East Indies,Americas,Antonio De Mendoza,Ruy López De Villalobos,Miguel López De Legazpi,San Miguel,Andrés De Urdaneta,Manila-acapulco Galleons,Mexico,Veracruz,Maluku Islands,Japan,Sebastián Vizcaíno,Spaniards,Fort Santo Domingo,Keelung,Tamsui,New Guinea,Yñigo Ortiz De Retez,Solomon Islands,Pedro Sarmiento De Gamboa,Marquesas Islands,Álvaro De Mendaña De Neira,Diego Luis De San Vitores,Captured The City Of Manila,Seven Years' War,Simón De Anda Y Salazar,Diego Silang,Gabriela,Havana,Florida,Minorca,Manila-acapulco Galleon,New Spain,Santo Domingo,
Colonial government
2> See also: Viceroyalty of New Spain, Captaincy General of the Philippines, and Governor-General of the Philippines The Seven Years' War prompted Charles III to initiate extensive governmental reforms throughout the overseas possessions. An Intendencia was established in Manila in 1784 to handle the government finances and to promote the economy. (The plan to introduce more Intendencias throughout the Philippines did not materialize.) In a similar vein, to promote innovation and education among the residents of the islands, Governor-General José Basco y Vargas established the Economic Society of the Friends of the Country. For over 256 years, the Spanish East Indies were governed by a governor-captain general, and an audiencia. The all economic matters of the Philippines were managed by the Viceroyalty of New Spain, located in Mexico. Because the eastward route was more widely used for military purposes, in addition to commerce that included the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade, most government correspondence went through Mexico, rather than directly to Spain (with the exception of a short period at the end of the 18th century). In 1821 the New Spanish Viceroyalty collapsed following the Mexican War of Independence, which resulted in the First Mexican Empire. All control of the Spanish East Indies government was then transferred to Madrid, Spain, until the United States annexed most Spanish territories in the Asia-Pacific region after the Spanish American War of 1898. [edit]

Tags:Madrid,Governor-general Of The Philippines,Charles Iii,Extensive Governmental Reforms,Intendencia,José Basco Y Vargas,Economic Society Of The Friends Of The Country,Audiencia,Mexican War Of Independence,First Mexican Empire,Spanish American War,Captaincy General Of The Philippines,
The Audiencia and Captaincy General
3> In 1574 the Captaincy General of the Philippines was created as a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The Real Audiencia of Manila was created on 5 May 1583 and established in 1584 as the highest tribunal of the Spanish Empire in the East Indies, that had the Governor-General of the Philippines as its ex officio highest judge. Both institutions were created by Royal Decree from King Felipe II Law XI (Audiencia y Chancillería Real de Manila en las Filipinas) of Title XV (De las Audiencias y Chancillerias Reales de las Indias) of Book II of the Recopilación de Leyes de las Indias of 1680—which compiles the original decree and the one of May 25, 1596—describes the limits and functions of the Audiencia and its President.[3] "In the city of Manila on the Island of Luzon, Head of the Philippines, shall reside another Royal Audiencia and Chancellery of ours, with a president, who shall be governor and captain general; four judges of civil cases [oidores], who will also be judges of criminal cases [alcaldes del crimen]; a crown attorney [fiscal]; a bailiff [alguacil mayor]; a lieutenant of the Gran Chancellor; and the other necessary ministers and officials; and which shall have for district said Island of Luzon, and the rest of the Philippines, the Archipelago of China, and its Mainland, discovered and to be discovered. And we order that the governor and captain general of said Islands and Provinces, and president of their Royal Audiencia, have exclusively the superior government of the entire district of said Audiencia in war and peace, and shall make provisions and favors in our Royal Name, which in conformity to the laws of this Compilation and the rest of the Kingdoms of Castile and the instructions and powers that We shall grant, he should and can do; and in gubernatorial matters and cases that shall arise, that are of importance, said president-governor should consult on them with the judges of said Audiencia, so that they give their consultive opinions, and having heard them, he should provide the most convenient to the service of God and ours and the peace and tranquility of said Province and Republic". [edit]

Tags:Real Audiencia Of Manila,Spanish Empire,King Felipe Ii,Leyes De Las Indias,Civil Cases,Criminal Cases,Archipelago Of China,Mainland,Kingdoms Of Castile,Luzon,
Territories
3> The Spanish East Indies came to be defined as: Las Islas Filipinas (today the Republic of the Philippines): Manila, Luzon, the Visayas, Palawan, Balambangan Island, Northern Mindanao, Zamboanga, Basilan, Jolo, Palmas Islands, including isolated outposts in Keelung, Taiwan, and in the islands of Gilolo, Ternate, and Tidore in the Maluku Islands and Manado in Northern part of Sulawesi (formerly Celebes). Islas Carolinas (the Federated States of Micronesia) Islas Marianas (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Territory of Guam) Islas Palau (Republic of Palau) The Spanish used several names that are not currently used. Gran Moluccas (Great Molluccas) for the island of Mindanao and Nueva Castilla (New Castile) for Luzon. Because Spanish interest in the region was primarily focused on its use as a base for trade with East Asia, direct Spanish control over the area expanded slowly. The Batanes Islands were conquered in the 18th century. The highlands of Luzon remained outside of Spanish control until the early 19th century, and the southernmost tip of Palawan, not until the late 1890s. The rest of Mindanao (Caesarea Karoli)—aside from outposts in Northern Mindanao, Zamboanga, Cotabato, and the islands of Basilan and Jolo, the rest was nominally under Spanish control, recognizing Spanish rule, but left to administer their own affairs, as in the cases of the Sulu, and the Maguindanao sultanates, as well as a number of other Lumad tribes not affiliated with either. Similarly, Palau and the vast majority of the Caroline Islands were not governed by Spanish missions until the early 19th century. [edit]

Tags:Commonwealth,Caroline Islands,Moluccas,Ternate,Tidore,Manado,Islas Carolinas,Federated States Of Micronesia,Islas Marianas,Commonwealth Of The Northern Mariana Islands,Territory Of Guam,Islas Palau,Batanes Islands,Palawan,
Hispanic
3> Main article: Hispanic influence on Filipino culture Spain's influence on its former colonies in Asia-Pacific is significant and to this day, the majority of the people of the Philippines, Guam and the Mariana Islands belong to the Roman Catholic faith. Many populations in these countries were given Spanish names and surnames. Also, because of the introduction of new tools, products, crops and technology by Spaniards and Mexicans in the three centuries of colonial rule, many Spanish loanwords entered the native languages of these countries. Their national cuisines also have Mexican and Spanish influences. There are alsoa small minority of descendants of Latin American and Spanish settlers, known as mestizos. [edit]

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Filipino
3> A sizeable proportion of the current population of the Northern Marianas Islands (45-55%) and Guam (30-45%), as well as that of Palau (15-25%) is of Filipino descent. Some of the local peoples in the previously stated territories also use Filipino names and surnames (one example is the surname Pangelinan, which comes from the Filipino surname Pangilinan). The current Chamorro population is believed to be partly of Filipino descent, both through historic links, specially during Spanish rule, and in the present through transmigration. [edit]

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References
2> ^ Population of the Philippines Census Years 1799 to 2007. National Statistical Coordination Board. ^ The traditional formula is: "His/Her Majesty, Don/Doña [name of reigning monarch] by the grace of God King/Queen of Spain, King/Queen of Castile, of León, of Aragón, of the Two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, of Navarre, of Granada, of Seville, of Toledo, of Valencia, of Galicia, of Sardinia, of Córdoba, of Corsica, of Murcia, of Jaén, of the Algarves, of Algeciras, of Gibraltar, of the Canary Islands, of the East and West Indies, of the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Sea; Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, of Brabant, of Milan, of Athens and Neopatria; Count of Habsburg, of Flanders, of Tyrol, of Roussillon, and of Barcelona; Lord of Vizcaya and of Molina; Captain-General and Supreme Head of the Royal Armed Forces; Sovereign Grand-Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece and of the orders awarded by the Spanish state." These titles, of course, are not used by the current king, but are often given as honorary "historical" ones. The current Constitution leaves the issue open and simply describes the King as the "King of Spain": "His title is King of Spain, and he may use the other titles appertaining to the Crown" (Su título es el de Rey de España y podrá utilizar los demás que correspondan a la Corona). Velde, François, "Royal Styles," and the Royal Household of His Majesty the King, "The Crown." Consulted on 2008-08-15. ^ Spain (1680). Recopilación de las Leyes de Indias. Titulo Quince. De las Audiencias y Chancillerias Reales de las Indias. Spanish-language facsimile of the original.  [edit]

Tags:King Of Spain,
Bibliography
2> Cunningham, Charles Henry. The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as Illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila (1583–1800). Berkeley, University of California Press, 1919. Phelan, John Leddy. The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565-1700. Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1959. [edit]

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External links
2> Web oficial Asociación Española de Estudios del Pacífico Philippine "The Early Spanish Period" The Impact of Spanish Rule in the Philippines History: The Spanish Colony Guam History and Culture Filipinas v d e Spanish Empire Administrative Institutions Council of the Indies · Casa de Contratación Viceroyalties New Granada · New Spain · Perú · Río de la Plata Audiencias Bogotá · Buenos Aires · Caracas · Charcas · Concepción · Cusco · Guadalajara · Guatemala · Lima · Manila · Mexico · Panamá · Quito · Santiago · Santo Domingo Captancies General Chile · Cuba · Guatemala · Spanish East Indies · Puerto Rico · Santo Domingo · Venezuela · Yucatán ˑ Provincias Internas Governorates New Andalusia · New Castile · New Toledo · Río de la Plata Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spanish_East_Indies&oldid=468250364" Categories: Former countries in OceaniaFormer Spanish coloniesStates and territories established in 1565States and territories disestablished in 1898Spanish East IndiesEuropean colonisation in AsiaEuropean colonisation in OceaniaNew SpainSpanish colonial period in the Philippines1899 disestablishmentsFormer countries in Philippine historyHistory of the PhilippinesHistory of the Federated States of MicronesiaHistory of GuamHistory of the Marshall IslandsHistory of the Northern Mariana IslandsHistory of PalauSpanish–American WarHidden categories: Articles containing Spanish language text Personal tools Log in / create account Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history Actions Search Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact Wikipedia Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Cite this page Print/export Create a bookDownload as PDFPrintable version Languages Català Deutsch Español Euskara Français Italiano Lietuvių Nederlands 日本語

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