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| History | |
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Phoenician
shin
Etruscan S
Greek
Sigma
Semitic Šîn ("teeth") represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ (as in ship). Greek did not have this sound, so the Greek sigma (Σ) came to represent /s/. In Etruscan and Latin, the /s/ value was maintained, and only in modern languages has the letter been used to represent other sounds.
The minuscule form of s was ſ, called the long s, up to the fifteenth century or so, and the form 'S' was used then only as upper case, just like 'G' and 'A' were only upper case. With the introduction of printing, the modern form s began to be used at the end of words by some printers. Later, it was used everywhere and eventually spread to manuscript letters as well. For example, "sinfulness" would be rendered as "ſinfulneſſ" in all medieval hands, later it was "ſinfulneſs" in some blackletter hands and in print. The modern usage "sinfulness" didn't become widespread in print until the beginning of the 19th century, largely to prevent confusion of 'ſ' with the lower case f in typefaces which had a very short horizontal stroke in their lowercase 'f'. The ligature of ſs (or ſz) became the German ess-tsett, ß.
[edit] Tags:Ee,Ll,Pp,Letter,German,T, | |
| Usage | |
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The letter S represents the voiceless alveolar sibilant /s/ in most languages and IPA; it also commonly represents the voiced alveolar fricative /z/, as in the Portuguese mesa or the English does. It may also represent the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative [ ʃ ], as in Portuguese, Hungarian, and German (before p, t). The letter S is the seventh most common letter in English and the third-most common consonant (after t and n).
In English, final ⟨s⟩ is the usual mark of plural nouns, and of third person present tense verbs.
[edit] Tags:Mm,Hungarian, | |
| Related letters and other similar characters | |
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Σ σ : Greek letter Sigma
С с : Cyrillic letter Es
Ц ц : Cyrillic letter Tse
ẞ ß : German Eszett or "sharp S"
ſ : Latin letter Long S
ʃ : IPA letter Esh (used in the International Phonetic Alphabet for the voiceless postalveolar fricative)
∫ : integral symbol
Ѕ ѕ : Cyrillic letter Dze
SH Sh sh : Latin digraph Sh
Ƨ ƨ : Latin letter Reversed S (used in Zhuang transliteration)
$ : dollar sign
§ : Section sign
[edit] Tags: | |
| Computing codes | |
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character
S
s
Unicode name
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S
LATIN SMALL LETTER S
character encoding
decimal
hex
decimal
hex
Unicode
83
0053
115
0073
UTF-8
83
53
115
73
Numeric character reference
S
S
s
s
EBCDIC family
226
E2
162
A2
ASCII ASCII 1
83
53
115
73
1 and all encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
[edit] Tags:Ii, | |
| Other representations | |
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NATO phonetic
Morse code
Sierra
···
Signal flag
Flag semaphore
Braille
[edit] Tags: | |
| References | |
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^ "S" Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "ess," op. cit.
[edit] Tags: | |
| External links | |
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Media related to S at Wikimedia Commons
The Wiktionary entry for S
The Wiktionary entry for s
The ISO basic Latin alphabet
v
d
e
Aa
Bb
Cc
Dd
Ee
Ff
Gg
Hh
Ii
Jj
Kk
Ll
Mm
Nn
Oo
Pp
Qq
Rr
Ss
Tt
Uu
Vv
Ww
Xx
Yy
Zz
Letter S with diacritics
Śś
Ṥṥ
Ŝŝ
Šš
Ṧṧ
Ṡṡẛ
Şş
Ṣṣ
Ṩṩ
Șș
S̩s̩
ᵴ
ᶊ
ʂ
ȿ
Related
History
Palaeography
Derivations
Diacritics
Punctuation
Numerals
Unicode
List of letters
ISO/IEC 646
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S&oldid=473613340"
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