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| Underlying technology | |
| 2>
The mobile browser usually connects via cellular network, or increasingly via Wireless LAN, using standard HTTP over TCP/IP and displays web pages written in HTML, XHTML Mobile Profile (WAP 2.0), or WML (which evolved from HDML). WML and HDML are stripped-down formats suitable for transmission across limited bandwidth, and wireless data connection called WAP. In Japan, DoCoMo defined the i-mode service based on i-mode HTML, which is an extension of Compact HTML (C-HTML), a simple subset of HTML.
WAP 2.0 specifies XHTML Mobile Profile plus WAP CSS, subsets of the W3C's standard XHTML and CSS with minor mobile extensions.
Newer microbrowsers are full-featured Web browsers capable of HTML, CSS, ECMAScript, as well as mobile technologies such as WML, i-mode HTML, or cHTML.
To accommodate small screens, they use Post-WIMP interfaces.
[edit] Tags:Web Browser,Cellular Network,Wireless Lan,Http,Tcp/ip,Html,Xhtml Mobile Profile,Wap 2.0,Wml,Hdml,Wap,I-mode,C-html,Css,Ecmascript,Chtml,Post-wimp,Mpl,Web Browsers,2,3,Mobile,Microb, | |
| History | |
| 2>
The first mobile browser for a PDA was PocketWeb [2][3] for the Apple Newton created at TecO in 1994, followed by the first commercial product NetHopper released in August 1996.[4]
The so-called microbrowser technologies such as WAP, NTTDocomo's i-mode platform and Openwave's HDML platform fueled the first wave of interest in wireless data services.
The first deployment of a microbrowser on a mobile phone was probably in 1997 when Unwired Planet (later to become Openwave) put their "UP.Browser" on AT&T handsets to give users access to HDML content.[5][6]
A British company, STNC Ltd., developed a microbrowser (HitchHiker) in 1997 that was intended to present the entire device UI. The demonstration platform for this microbrowser (Webwalker) had 1 MIPS total processing power. This was a single core platform, running the GSM stack on the same processor as the application stack. In 1999 STNC was acquired by Microsoft[7] and HitchHiker became Microsoft Mobile Explorer 2.0,[8] not related to the primitive Microsoft Mobile Explorer 1.0. HitchHiker is believed to be the first microbrowser with a unified rendering model, handling HTML and WAP along with ECMAScript, WMLScript, POP3 and IMAP mail in a single client. Although it was not used, it was possible to combine HTML and WAP in the same pages although this would render the pages invalid for any other device. Mobile Explorer 2.0 was available on the Benefon Q, Sony CMD-Z5, CMD-J5, CMD-MZ5, CMD-J6, CMD-Z7, CMD-J7 and CMD-J70. With the addition of a messaging kernel and a driver model, this was powerful enough to be the operating system for certain embedded devices. One such device was the Amstrad e-m@iler and e-m@iler 2. This code formed the basis for MME3.
Multiple companies offered browsers for the Palm OS platform. The first HTML browser for Palm OS 1.0 was HandWeb by Smartcode software, released in 1997. HandWeb included its own TCP/IP stack, and Smartcode was acquired by Palm in 1999. MicroBrowsers for the Palm OS platform multiplied after the release of PalmOS 2.0, which included a TCP/IP stack. A freeware (although later shareware) browser for the PalmOS was Palmscape, written in 1998 by Kazuho Oku in Japan, who went on to found Ilinx. Still in limited use as late as 2003. Qualcomm also developed the Eudora Web browser, and launched it with the PalmOS based QCP smartphone. PocketWeb was a proxy-based Web browsing solution, developed by Student at the University of California Berkeley and later acquired by PumaTech.
Released in 2001, Mobile Explorer 3.0 added iMode compatibility (cHTML) plus numerous proprietary schemes.[9] By imaginatively combining these proprietary schemes with WAP protocols, MME3.0 implemented OTA database synchronisation, push email, push information clients (not unlike a 'Today Screen') and PIM functionality. The cancelled Sony Ericsson CMD-Z700 was to feature heavy integration with MME3.0. Although Mobile Explorer was ahead of its time in the mobile phone space, development was stopped in 2002.
Also in 2002, Palm, Inc. offered Web Pro on Tungsten PDAs based upon a Novarra browser. PalmSource offered a competing Web browser based on Access Netfront.
Opera Software pioneered with its Small Screen Rendering (SSR) and Medium Screen Rendering (MSR) technology. The Opera web browser is able to reformat regular web pages for optimal fit on small screens and medium-sized (PDA) screens. It was also the first widely available mobile browser to support Ajax and the first mobile browser to pass ACID2 test.[1]
[edit] Tags:Mobile Phone,Pda,Ajax,Apple Newton,Teco,Nethopper,Openwave,Unwired Planet,At&t,Stnc,Hitchhiker,Mips,Microsoft,Microsoft Mobile Explorer,Wmlscript,Pop3,Imap,Handweb,Smartcode,Palm,Palmscape,Ilinx,Qualcomm,Eudora Web,Pocketweb,Pumatech,Palm, Inc.,Novarra,Access,Netfront,Opera Software,Small Screen Rendering,Opera,Proprietary,4,5,6,7,8,9, | |
| Popular mobile browsers | |
| 2>
Distinct from a mobile browser is a web-based emulator, which uses a "Virtual Handset" to display WAP pages on a computer screen, implemented either in Java or as an HTML transcoder.
The following are some of the more popular mobile browsers. Some mobile browsers are really miniaturized Web browsers, so some mobile browser companies also provide browsers for desktop and laptop computers.
[edit] Tags:Desktop,Laptop,Java, | |
| Default browsers used by major mobile phone and PDA vendors | |
| 3>
Browser
Creator
FOSS
Current layout engine
Software license
Notes
Android browser
Google
Yes
WebKit
Apache 2.0 and GPL v2
-
BlackBerry Browser
Research in Motion
No
Mango (ver 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 5.0)
Webkit (ver 6.0+)
proprietary
-
Blazer
Palm
No
NetFront[10]
proprietary
installed on all newer Palm Treos and PDAs
Firefox for mobile
Mozilla
Yes
Gecko
MPL 1.1 or later, GNU GPL 2.0 or later, GNU LGPL 2.1 or later
Currently released for Android and Nokia Maemo devices
Internet Explorer Mobile
Microsoft
No
Trident
proprietary
on Windows Phone
Iris Browser
Torch Mobile
?
WebKit
proprietary
Acquired by Research in Motion - No longer supports Windows Mobile or Linux
Kindle Basic Web
Amazon.com
No
NetFront
proprietary
-
Myriad Browser
Myriad Group
No
Magellan (ver. 6.X)
Fugu (ver 7.X)
WebKit (ver 9)[11]
proprietary
Acquired from Openwave in 2008
NetFront
ACCESS Co., Ltd.
No
NetFront
proprietary
-
Nokia Series 40 Browser
Nokia
No
WebKit[12]
proprietary
-
Obigo Browser
Obigo AB
No
WebKit (to be released)
proprietary
100% owned by Teleca AB
Opera Mobile
Opera Software
No
Presto
proprietary
Capable of reading HTML and reformat for small screens, installed on many phones
PlayStation Portable web browser
Sony
No
NetFront
proprietary
Polaris Browser
Infraware Inc.
No
Lumi (Ver. 6.X)
WebKit (Ver. 7.X)
proprietary
Nokia, Samsung, LG Electronics, KYOCERA and other Smartphone and cellular phone in USA, China, Korea, etc.
Series 60 web browser
Nokia
?
WebKit
BSD licenses
on Series 60 phones (predominantly Nokia)
Safari
Apple Inc
No
WebKit
proprietary
on iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad
Skyfire Mobile Browser
Skyfire
No
WebKit
proprietary
Renders Flash 10, Ajax and Silverlight content. Currently supports iOS and Android.
uZard Web
Logicplant Co., Ltd.
No
MoRDAC (Mobile oriented Remote Display and Control)
proprietary
on Samsung, LG Electronics and other smartphones and cellular phones in Korea
WebOS Browser
Palm
No
WebKit
proprietary
-
Browser
Creator
FOSS
Current layout engine
Software license
Notes
[edit] Tags:Foss,Layout Engine,Android,Webkit,Blackberry,Blazer,Firefox For Mobile,Gecko,Gnu Gpl,Gnu Lgpl,Internet Explorer Mobile,Trident,Iris Browser,Torch Mobile,Research In Motion,Windows Mobile,Kindle,Myriad Browser,Nokia Series 40,Obigo Browser,Opera Mobile,Presto,Playstation Portable Web Browser,Series 60 Web Browser,Nokia,Bsd Licenses,Safari,Iphone,Ipod Touch,Skyfire Mobile Browser,Samsung,Webos,Software License,Gpl,Maemo,Playstation Portable,Linux,Access Co., Ltd.,Ios,Skyfire,Internet Explorer,10,Mozilla,Firefox, | |
| User-installable microbrowsers | |
| 3>
Browser
Creator
Current layout engine
Platforms
Software license
Notes
BOLT browser
Bitstream Inc.
WebKit
Java ME, BlackBerry
Proprietary
Classilla
Cameron Kaiser
Gecko
Mac OS 8.6, Mac OS 9
MPL/GPL/LGPL
Although desktop, uses a mobile user agent by default due to the older machines it services.
Deepfish
Microsoft
Windows Mobile
Proprietary
Proxy-rendering browser (Discontinued)
Dolphin Browser
MoboTap
WebKit
Android, iOS
Firefox for mobile
Mozilla Foundation
Gecko
Maemo, Android
MPL/GPL/LGPL
ibisBrowser
ibis inc.
Java enabled phones, Windows Mobile
JOCA
InteracT!V
Java ME
Proxy-rendering free software
Links
Twibright Labs
PlayStation Portable
GPL
Unofficial port, requires custom firmware
Minimo
Mozilla Foundation
Gecko
Linux, Windows CE
MPL/GPL/LGPL
Discontinued
NetFront
ACCESS Co., Ltd.
NetFront, WebKit
Linux, S60, BREW, Android, Windows Mobile, Others
Proprietary
Opera Mini
Opera Software
Presto
Java ME, Android, Windows Mobile, iOS, BlackBerry, S60, Others
Supports most features of stand-alone Opera, but can run on less capable phones by offloading memory-intensive rendering to proxy server (based on Opera Mobile running on a server)
Opera Mobile
Opera Software
Presto
Android, Maemo, BREW, S60, Windows Mobile
supports all modern web standards supported by desktop browsers, including XHTML, CSS2 and Ajax. Has advanced Small Screen Rendering that adapts regular pages to small screen (proprietary)
Pixo
Sun Microsystems
Skweezer
Skyfire
Skyfire Labs, Inc.
WebKit (ver 2.x+), Gecko (ver 1.x)
Android, iOS
Supports Flash and Ajax. As of 2010-12-31, it no longer supports Symbian OS or Windows Mobile
Steel
WebKit
Android
Discontinued
Teashark
Java ME
Proprietary Freeware
Tristit
Java enabled phones, BlackBerry
UC Browser
UC Mobile
U3
S60, Java ME, Android, iOS, Windows Mobile, Bada
Proprietary Freeware
Proxy-rendering
Vision Mobile Browser
Novarra
Java ME, BREW
Proprietary
WinWAP
Winwap Technologies
Windows Mobile
Proprietary
Browser
Creator
Current layout engine
Platforms
Software license
Notes
[edit] Tags:Bolt Browser,Bitstream Inc.,Java Me,Classilla,Cameron Kaiser,Mac Os 8.6,Mac Os 9,Deepfish,Dolphin Browser,Mozilla Foundation,Ibisbrowser,Joca,Links,Minimo,Windows Ce,S60,Brew,Opera Mini,Pixo,Steel,Teashark,Tristit,Uc Browser,Uc Mobile,U3,Winwap,Skweezer,User Agent, | |
| Mobile HTML transcoders | |
| 3>
Mobile transcoders reformat and compress web content for mobile devices and must be used in conjunction with built-in or user-installed microbrowsers. The following are several leading mobile transcoding services.
Vision Mobile Server
Skweezer - used by Orange, Etisalat, JumpTap, Medio, Miva, and others
Teashark
Opera Mini
[edit] Tags:Mobile Device, | |
| See also | |
| 2>
Browser wars
i-mode
Information appliance
Mobile device detection
Usage share of web browsers
User agent
[edit] Tags:Browser Wars,Information Appliance,Mobile Device Detection,Usage Share Of Web Browsers, | |
| References | |
| 2>
Best Mobile Browsers Ever
^ "Wireless portal Definition from PC Magazine Encyclopedia". Pcmag.com. 1994-12-01. http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=wireless+portal&i=54781,00.asp. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
^ Gessler, S., Kotulla, A., "PDAs as mobile WWW browsers." Proc. of Mosaic and the Web Conference, Chicago, October 1994.
^ Markus Lauff, Hans-Werner Gellersen, "Multimedia client implementation on Personal Digital Assistants", Interactive Distributed Multimedia Systems and Telecommunication Services, 1997
^ "NetHopper 2.0 First true web browser for Newton". PenComputing Magazine. 2006. http://www.pencomputing.com/archive/PCM_11/nethopper.html. Retrieved October 13, 2009.
^ "About Openwave". Openwave. 2009. http://www.openwave.com/us/about_openwave/. Retrieved February 26, 2009. [dead link]
^ "The Weather Underground brings weather service to mobile phone user". The Weather Underground. 1997. http://www.wunderground.com/about/pr/news.asp?date=19970513. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
^ "Microsoft Acquires STNC, a Leader in Digital Cellular Software" (Press release). Microsoft. 21 July 1999. http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1999/Jul99/STNCpr.mspx. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
^ "Microsoft Introduces Microsoft Mobile Explorer" (Press release). Microsoft. 8 December 1999. http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1999/Dec99/MobileExplorerPR.mspx. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
^ "Microsoft Mobile Explorer 3.0 Provides Tomorrow's WAP 2.0 Functionality Today" (Press release). Microsoft. 19 February 2001. http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2001/feb01/02-19mmepr.mspx. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
^ "palmOne Selects ACCESS NetFront Browser Engine to Power New Blazer 4.0 Mobile Browser, Expand Collaboration". ACCESS Co., Ltd.. 2004-12-08. http://www.access-company.com/news/press/ACCESS/2004/20041208.html. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
^ "Myriad -Mobile browsers". Myriad Group. 2010. http://www.myriadgroup.com/Device-Manufacturers/Mobile-Browsing.aspx. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
^ "Series 40 Platform". Forum Nokia. 2010-06-04. http://www.forum.nokia.com/Technology_Topics/Device_Platforms/Series_40/. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
[edit] Tags:Mosaic And The Web,Dead Link, | |
| External links | |
| 2>
Best Mobile Browsers Ever
W3C Mobile Web Initiative — “The Mobile Web Initiative's goal is to make browsing the Web from mobile devices a reality”, explains Tim Berners-Lee, W3C Director and inventor of the Web.
Compact HTML for Small Information Appliances — W3C NOTE 9 February 1998
Open Mobile Alliance
Blackberry Browser Developer site
Mobile_browser_comparison November 2010 mobile browsers comparison/speed test by Steve Litchfield of Allaboutsymbian.com
v
d
e
Web browsers
Comparison
History
List (for Unix)
Timeline
Usage Share (web browsers
color depth
display resolution)
Desktop
Trident-based
AOL Explorer
Avant
Deepnet Explorer
Enigma
GreenBrowser
IEs4Linux
Maxthon
MenuBox
NeoPlanet
NetCaptor
Netscape 8
Internet Explorer (1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10)
Internet Explorer for UNIX
MediaBrowser
Sleipnir
SlimBrowser
SpaceTime
UltraBrowser
WebbIE
ZAC Browser
Gecko-based
AmiZilla
AT&T Pogo
Beonex Communicator
Camino
Classilla
Conkeror
Epic
Epiphany (versions before 2.28)
Flock (versions before 3.0)
Galeon
Ghostzilla
GNU IceCat
Gnuzilla
Gollum browser
K-Meleon
Kazehakase
Kirix Strata
Kylo
Mozilla
Firefox (2
3
3.5
3.6
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Mobile)
Netscape (6
7
8
9)
Pale Moon
SeaMonkey
Sleipnir
Swiftfox
Swiftweasel
TenFourFox
Timberwolf
Wyzo
XeroBank Browser
WebKit-based
Arora
Chrome
Chromium
Dragon
Dooble
Epiphany (version 2.28+)
Flock (version 3.0+)
Fluid
iCab
Maxthon 3
Midori
OmniWeb
Origyn Web Browser
rekonq
RockMelt
Safari
Shiira
SRWare Iron
Steam overlay
WebPositive
Uzbl
xxxterm
Presto-based
Opera (10)
Internet Channel
Java-based
HotJava
Lobo
KHTML-based
Konqueror
Sputnik
Tasman-based
Internet Explorer for Mac
MSN for Mac OS X
Text-based
ELinks
Emacs/W3
Line Mode Browser
Links
Lynx (ALynx)
Net-Tamer
w3m
WebbIE
Other
3B
abaco
Amaya
Arachne
Arena
Charon
Dillo
EGBrowser
Gazelle
IBM Home Page Reader
IBrowse
KidZui
Lunascape
Mosaic-CK
Mothra
NetPositive
Netscape Communicator
NetSurf
Oregano
VMS Mosaic
Mobile
WebKit-based
Dolphin Browser
S60 web browser
Safari
Silk
Nintendo 3DS Internet Browser
Steel
BOLT
Presto-based
Nintendo DS & DSi Browser
Opera Mini
Opera Mobile
Gecko-based
Firefox for mobile
MicroB
Minimo
Others
Blazer
Deepfish
Galio
ibisBrowser
Internet Explorer Mobile
Iris Browser
JOCA
Konqueror Embedded
NetFront
Obigo Browser
Pixo
Skweezer
Skyfire
Teashark
ThunderHawk
UC Browser
uZard Web
Vision
WinWAP
TV
WebKit-based
Espial
Google TV
Netfront
Presto-based
Opera
Others
Galio
Features
Ad filtering
Augmented browsing
Download manager
Cookies
Favicon
Incremental search
Bookmarks (Bookmarklet
Live bookmark
Smart Bookmark)
Privacy mode
Browser synchronizer (comparison)
Tabbed browsing
Universal Edit Button
Web standards
Acid tests
Cascading Style Sheets
HTML
HTML5
OCSP
SVG
XHTML
Related articles
World Wide Web
Widget
Rich Internet application
Site-specific browser
Internet suite
Mobile Web
Net Applications
Offline reader
BrowserChoice.eu
Pwn2Own
iLoo
Italics indicate software no longer in development.
Category
Commons
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mobile_browser&oldid=473060260"
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