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| Culture | |
| 2>
Fryslân distinguishes itself from the other eleven provinces by having its own language, West Frisian, which is also spoken in a small adjacent part of the province of Groningen, to the east. Closely related languages, East Frisian ("Seeltersk", which is different from "East Frisian (Ostfriesisch)", a collection of Low German dialects of East Frisia) and North Frisian, are spoken in the Saterland and in North Friesland areas in Germany, respectively.
Friesland is mainly an agricultural province. The famous black and white Frisian cattle and the well known black Frisian horse originated here. Tourism is another important source of income, principal greatest tourist destinations including the lakes in the south west of the province, and the islands in the Wadden Sea in the north.
Another interesting feature is the presence of many windmills. There are 195 windmills in the province of Friesland, from a total of about 1200 in the entire country.
[edit] Tags:Frisia,West Frisian,Groningen,East Frisian,East Frisian (,Low German,East Frisia,North Frisian,Saterland,Frisian,Cattle,Frisian Horse,Tourism,Wadden Sea,Provinces, | |
| Cities | |
| 2>
Map of Friesland (2012)
Frisian cattle
Friesian horse
The ancient cities of Friesland are shown below:
Dutch
West Frisian
Charter Granted
Leeuwarden
Ljouwert
1285; renewed in 1435
Sneek
Snits
1456
IJlst
Drylts
1268
Sloten
Sleat
1426
Stavoren
Starum
1118
Hindeloopen
Hylpen
1285
Workum
Warkum
1399
Bolsward
Boalsert
1425
Harlingen
Harns
1234
Franeker
Frjentsjer
1374
Dokkum
Dokkum
1298
[edit] Tags:Leeuwarden,Sneek,Ijlst,Stavoren,Hindeloopen,Workum,Bolsward,Harlingen,Franeker,Dokkum, | |
| Major towns | |
| 2>
10 largest towns by population
Towns (Frisian name)
Population
1
Leeuwarden (Ljouwert)
96,578
2
Drachten
44,598
3
Sneek (Snits)
33,401
4
Heerenveen (It Hearrenfean)
28,497
5
Harlingen (Harns)
15,729
6
Dokkum
13,145
7
Franeker (Frjentsjer)
12,995
8
Joure (De Jouwer)
12,902
9
Wolvega (Wolvegea)
12,738
10
Lemmer (De Lemmer)
10,220
Source: Fryslân.nl (1 December 2009), mun. and CBS
[edit] Tags:Drachten,Heerenveen,Joure,Wolvega,Lemmer, | |
| Municipalities | |
| 2>
Achtkarspelen
Ameland
Boarnsterhim
Dantumadiel
Dongeradeel
Ferwerderadiel
Franekeradeel
Gaasterlân-Sleat
Harlingen
Heerenveen
Het Bildt
Kollumerland c.a.
Leeuwarden
Leeuwarderadeel
Lemsterland
Littenseradiel
Menaldumadeel
Ooststellingwerf
Opsterland
Schiermonnikoog
Skarsterlân
Smallingerland
Súdwest Fryslân
Terschelling
Tytsjerksteradiel
Vlieland
Weststellingwerf
[edit] Tags:Achtkarspelen,Ameland,Boarnsterhim,Dantumadiel,Dongeradeel,Ferwerderadiel,Franekeradeel,Gaasterlân-sleat,Het Bildt,Kollumerland C.a.,Leeuwarderadeel,Lemsterland,Littenseradiel,Menaldumadeel,Ooststellingwerf,Opsterland,Schiermonnikoog,Skarsterlân,Smallingerland,Súdwest Fryslân,Terschelling,Tytsjerksteradiel,Vlieland,Weststellingwerf, | |
| Demography | |
| 2>
Historical population Friesland[1][2]
Year
Population
1714
129,243
1748
135,195
1796
161,513
1811
175,366
1830
204,909
1840
227,859
1850
243,191
1860
269,701
1870
300,863
1880
329,877
1890
335,558
1900
340,263
Year
Population
1910
363,625
1920
385,362
1930
402,051
1940
424,462
1950
465,267
1960
478,206
1970
521,820
1982
592,314
1990
599,151
1999
621,222
2010
646,305
The years 1880-1900 show slower population growth. Due to a farm crisis 20,000 Frisians emigrated to the United States.[3]
[edit] Tags:Population Growth,Farm Crisis,Emigrated,United States, | |
| Climate | |
| 2>
Climate data for Leeuwarden (1971–2000).
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
12.6
(54.7)
14.4
(57.9)
20.4
(68.7)
26.0
(78.8)
28.7
(83.7)
32.5
(90.5)
31.4
(88.5)
32.8
(91.0)
29.1
(84.4)
23.8
(74.8)
16.4
(61.5)
14.2
(57.6)
32.8
(91.0)
Average high °C (°F)
4.6
(40.3)
5.1
(41.2)
8.3
(46.9)
11.4
(52.5)
15.9
(60.6)
18.1
(64.6)
20.3
(68.5)
20.8
(69.4)
17.6
(63.7)
13.4
(56.1)
8.7
(47.7)
5.8
(42.4)
12.5
(54.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)
2.4
(36.3)
2.5
(36.5)
5.0
(41.0)
7.4
(45.3)
11.6
(52.9)
14.3
(57.7)
16.4
(61.5)
16.6
(61.9)
13.9
(57.0)
10.1
(50.2)
6.1
(43.0)
3.6
(38.5)
9.2
(48.6)
Average low °C (°F)
−0.2
(31.6)
−0.4
(31.3)
1.6
(34.9)
3.2
(37.8)
6.9
(44.4)
9.8
(49.6)
12.2
(54.0)
12.0
(53.6)
9.8
(49.6)
6.6
(43.9)
3.3
(37.9)
1.1
(34.0)
5.5
(41.9)
Record low °C (°F)
−19.9
(−3.8)
−16.3
(2.7)
−16.3
(2.7)
−5.9
(21.4)
−1.7
(28.9)
1.3
(34.3)
5.7
(42.3)
5.4
(41.7)
2.0
(35.6)
−6
(21)
−14.2
(6.4)
−19.2
(−2.6)
−19.9
(−3.8)
Precipitation mm (inches)
66
(2.6)
42
(1.65)
59
(2.32)
38
(1.5)
51
(2.01)
69
(2.72)
64
(2.52)
60
(2.36)
82
(3.23)
78
(3.07)
84
(3.31)
73
(2.87)
767
(30.2)
Source: Knmi.nl[4]
[edit] Tags: | |
| Sports | |
| 2>
The Elfstedentocht passes all eleven cities of Fryslân
The province is famous for its speed skaters, with mass participation in cross-country ice skating when weather conditions permit. When winters are cold enough to allow the freshwater canals to freeze hard, the province holds its traditional Elfstedentocht (Eleven cities tour), a 200 kilometers ice skating tour. A traditional sport is Frisian handball. Another Frisian practice is fierljeppen, a sport with some similarities to pole vaulting. A jump consists of an intense sprint to the pole (polsstok), jumping and grabbing it, then climbing to the top while trying to control the pole's forward and lateral movements over a body of water and finishing with a graceful landing on a sand bed opposite to the starting point. Because of all the diverse skills required in fierljeppen, fierljeppers are considered to be very complete athletes with superbly developed strength and coordination. In the warmer months, many Frisians practice wadlopen, the traditional art of wading across designated sections of the Wadden Sea at low tide. There are currently two top level football clubs playing in Friesland: SC Heerenveen (home stadium Abe Lenstra Stadion) and SC Cambuur from Leeuwarden (home stadium Cambuur Stadion).
[edit] Tags: | |
| Anthropometry | |
| 2>
Since the late Middle Ages Friesland was renowned for the exceptional height of its inhabitants, which were deemed among the tallest groups of Indo-Europeans. Even early Renaissance poet Dante Alighieri refers to the height of Frieslanders in his Divine Comedy when, in the canticle about Hell talks about the magnitude of an infernal demon by stating that "not even three tall Frieslanders, were they set one upon the other, would have matched his height".
[edit] Tags: | |
| See also | |
| 2>
Map of the Netherlands, linking to the province articles; red dots mark provincial capitals and black dots other notable cities or towns.
Frise
Frisia
Frisian Islands
Frisian Solar Challenge
Frisians
West Frisian language
[edit] Tags:Netherlands,Capital, | |
| References | |
| 2>
^ Historical population Friesland 1714 - 2000,Tresoar.
^ CBS Population 2010
^ Emigration to the United States (in Dutch)
^ "Knmi.nl" (in Dutch). http://www.knmi.nl/. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
[edit] Tags: | |
| External links | |
| 2>
Website of visitFryslân.nl
Website of the province
Frisian Film Archive
Map of Province
Frisian Droughts
Frisian homeland site
Fryslân Ferbynt, the international meetingplace
Bus schedules:
Friesland
The frysian student society based in the city of Groningen.
Geofrisia.com Ynterfrysk geografysk porteal, Interfrasch geografisch portåål, Interfräisk geografisk Portoal
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Friesland". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
v
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Provinces of the Netherlands
Provinces
Drenthe
Flevoland
Friesland
Gelderland
Groningen
Limburg
North Brabant
North Holland
Overijssel
South Holland
Utrecht
Zeeland
Public bodies
Bonaire
Sint Eustatius
Saba
v
d
e
Municipalities of Friesland (Fryslân)
Achtkarspelen
Ameland
Boarnsterhim
Dantumadiel
Dongeradeel
Ferwerderadiel
Franekeradeel
Gaasterlân-Sleat
Harlingen
Heerenveen
Het Bildt
Kollumerland c.a.
Leeuwarden
Leeuwarderadeel
Lemsterland
Littenseradiel
Menaldumadeel
Ooststellingwerf
Opsterland
Schiermonnikoog
Skarsterlân
Smallingerland
Súdwest-Fryslân
Terschelling
Tytsjerksteradiel
Vlieland
Weststellingwerf
See also
Netherlands
Provinces
Municipalities
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Friesland&oldid=475406796"
Categories: Provinces of the NetherlandsFrieslandNUTS 2 statistical regions of the European UnionSeventeen ProvincesBurgundian CircleRegions of Europe with multiple official languagesHidden categories: Articles containing West Frisian language textArticles containing Dutch language textWikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with an unnamed parameter
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