Elbridge Gerry Photos:

Elbridge Gerry
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Elbridge Gerry
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Elbridge Gerry
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Elbridge Gerry
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Elbridge Gerry Basic Informations:

Early life
2> Gerry's home in Marblehead Born in Marblehead, Massachusetts, the third of twelve children, he was a graduate of Harvard College, where he studied to be a doctor, attending there from age fourteen. He worked in his father's shipping business and came to prominence over his opposition to commerce taxes. He was elected to the General Court of the province of Massachusetts in May 1772 on an anti-British platform. [edit]

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Career
2> Gerry was a Massachusetts delegate to the Continental Congress from February 1776 to 1780. He also served from 1783 to September 1785 and was married in 1786 to Ann Thompson, the daughter of a wealthy New York merchant, 21 years his junior. In 1787 he attended the United States Constitutional Convention and was one of the delegates voting against the new constitution (joining George Mason and Edmund Randolph in not signing it). He was elected to the U.S. House under the new national government, and served in Congress from 1789 to 1793. He surprised his friends by becoming a strong supporter of the new government. He so vigorously supported Alexander Hamilton's reports on public credit, including the assumption of state debts, and supported Hamilton's new Bank of the United States, that he was considered a leading champion by the Federalists. He did not stand for re-election in 1792. He was a presidential elector for John Adams in the 1796 election and was appointed by Adams to the critical delegation to France that was humiliated by the French in the XYZ Affair. He stayed in France after his two colleagues returned, and Federalists accused him of supporting the French. He returned in October 1798 and switched his affiliation to the Democratic-Republican Party in 1800. He was the unsuccessful Democratic-Republican nominee for governor of Massachusetts in 1800, 1801, 1802 and 1803. In 1810 he was finally elected Governor of Massachusetts as a Democratic-Republican. He was re-elected in 1811 but defeated in 1812 over his support for the redistricting bill that created the word gerrymander. He was chosen as vice president to James Madison. He died in office of heart failure in Washington, D.C. and is buried there in the Congressional Cemetery. [edit]

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Legacy
2> The word gerrymander (originally written Gerry-mander) was used for the first time in the Boston Gazette newspaper on March 26, 1812. Appearing with the term, and helping spread and sustain its popularity, was a political cartoon depicting a strange animal with claws, wings and a dragon-type head satirizing the map of the odd shaped district. Gerry's grandson, Elbridge Gerry (1813–1886), was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine; his great-grandson, Peter G. Gerry (1879–1957), was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and a United States Senator from Rhode Island. In 1812 the word "gerrymander" was coined when the Massachusetts legislature redrew the boundaries of state legislative districts to favor Governor Gerry's party. The governor's strategy was to encompass most of the state's Federalists, allowing them to win in that district while his party, the Democratic-Republicans, took control of all the other districts in the state. The term eventually became part of world political vocabulary, and the practice is still in use today. Gerry was also depicted in John Trumbull's Declaration of Independence. In 1976 the painting appeared on the reverse of the two dollar bill and printed again in series 1995 and 2003. The upstate New York town of Elbridge is named in his honor, as is the western New York town of Gerry, in Chautauqua County. The town of Phillipston, Massachusetts was originally incorporated in 1786 under the name Gerry in his honor, but was changed to its present name by a town vote in 1812. In the 2008 HBO miniseries John Adams, Gerry is depicted in the first two episodes, portrayed by Tom Beckett. [edit]

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Quotes
2> "The evils we experience flow from the excess of democracy. The people do not want virtue, but are dupes of pretended patriots"[2] "What, sir, is the use of a militia? It is to prevent the establishment of a standing army, the bane of liberty. Whenever governments mean to invade the rights and liberties of the people, they always attempt to destroy the militia, in order to raise an army upon their ruins." [edit]

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Notes
2> ^ He was the second Vice President to die in office; the first was his immediate predecessor, George Clinton. ^ Government by the People, The Dynamics of American National, State, and Local Government, James MacGregor Burns & Jack Walter Peltason, 6th edition, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1963. pg 50. [edit]

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References
2> Austin, James, Life of Elbridge Gerry, 1970; Da Capo Press (ISBN 0-306-71841-3). (This is a reprint of the first Gerry Biography Vol 1 Vol 2) Billias, George, Elbridge Gerry, Founding Father and Republican Statesman 1976, McGraw-Hill Publishers (ISBN 0-07-005269-7). Kramer, Eugene F. "Some New Light on the XYZ Affair: Elbridge Gerry's Reasons for Opposing War with France." New England Quarterly 1956 29(4): 509-513. ISSN 0028-4866 Smith, Joshua M. ""The Yankee Soldiers Might": The District of Maine and the Reputation of the Massachusetts Militia, 1800–1812," New England Quarterly LXXXIV no. 2 (June, 2011), 234-264. Trees, Andy. "Private Correspondence for the Public Good: Thomas Jefferson to Elbridge Gerry, 26 January 1799" Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 2000 108(3): 217-254. ISSN 0042-6636 shows Gerry ignored Jefferson's 1799 letter inviting him to switch parties. [edit]

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External links
2> Official Commonwealth of Massachusetts Governor Biography Elbridge Gerry at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Elbridge Gerry Page at Facebook Biography by Rev. Charles A. Goodrich, 1856 A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825 Delegates to the Constitutional Convention: Massachusetts (Brief Biography of Gerry) Gerry family archive at Hartwick College Political offices Vacant Title last held by George Clinton Vice President of the United States March 4, 1813 â€“ November 23, 1814 Vacant Title next held by Daniel D. Tompkins Preceded by Christopher Gore Governor of Massachusetts June 10, 1810 – June 1812 Succeeded by Caleb Strong United States House of Representatives New district Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district March 4, 1789 — March 4, 1793 Succeeded by 3rd district, plural: Shearjashub Bourne, Peleg Coffin, Jr. and At-large district: David Cobb Party political offices Preceded by George Clinton Democratic-Republican vice presidential candidate 1812 Succeeded by Daniel D. Tompkins v d e Signers of the United States Declaration of Independence J. Adams S. Adams Bartlett Braxton Carroll Chase Clark Clymer Ellery Floyd Franklin Gerry Gwinnett Hall Hancock Harrison Hart Hewes Heyward Hooper Hopkins Hopkinson Huntington Jefferson F. Lee R. Lee Lewis Livingston Lynch McKean Middleton L. Morris R. Morris Morton Nelson Paca Paine Penn Read Rodney Ross Rush Rutledge Sherman Smith Stockton Stone Taylor Thornton Walton Whipple Williams Wilson Witherspoon Wolcott Wythe v d e Signers of the Articles of Confederation A. Adams Â· S. Adams Â· T. Adams Â· Banister Â· Bartlett Â· Carroll Â· Clingan Â· Collins Â· Dana Â· Dickinson Â· Drayton Â· Duane Â· Duer Â· Ellery Â· Gerry Â· Hancock Â· Hanson Â· Harnett Â· Harvie Â· Heyward Â· Holten Â· Hosmer Â· Huntington Â· Hutson Â· Langworthy Â· Laurens Â· F. Lee Â· R. Lee Â· Lewis Â· Lovell Â· Marchant Â· Mathews Â· McKean Â· G. Morris Â· R. Morris Â· Penn Â· Reed Â· Roberdeau Â· Scudder Â· Sherman Â· Smith Â· Telfair Â· Van Dyke Â· Walton Â· Wentworth Â· Williams Â· Witherspoon Â· Wolcott v d e Vice Presidents of the United States John Adams Thomas Jefferson Aaron Burr George Clinton Elbridge Gerry Daniel D. Tompkins John C. Calhoun Martin Van Buren Richard Mentor Johnson John Tyler George M. Dallas Millard Fillmore William R. King John C. Breckinridge Hannibal Hamlin Andrew Johnson Schuyler Colfax Henry Wilson William A. Wheeler Chester A. Arthur Thomas A. Hendricks Levi P. Morton Adlai Stevenson I Garret Hobart Theodore Roosevelt Charles W. Fairbanks James S. Sherman Thomas R. Marshall Calvin Coolidge Charles G. Dawes Charles Curtis John Nance Garner Henry A. Wallace Harry S. Truman Alben W. Barkley Richard Nixon Lyndon B. Johnson Hubert Humphrey Spiro Agnew Gerald Ford Nelson Rockefeller Walter Mondale George H. W. Bush Dan Quayle Al Gore Dick Cheney Joe Biden v d e Governors of Massachusetts Colony (1629–1686) Endecott Winthrop T. Dudley Haynes Vane Winthrop T. Dudley Bellingham Winthrop Endecott T. Dudley Winthrop Endecott T. Dudley Endecott Bellingham Endecott Bellingham Leverett Bradstreet Dominion (1686–1689) J. Dudley Andros Bradstreet Province (1692–1776) W. Phips Stoughton Bellomont Stoughton Governor's Council J. Dudley Governor's Council J. Dudley Tailer Shute Dummer Burnet Dummer Tailer Belcher Shirley S. Phips Shirley S. Phips Governor's Council Pownall Hutchinson Bernard Hutchinson Gage Commonwealth (since 1776) Hancock Cushing Bowdoin Hancock Adams Sumner Gill Governor's Council Strong Sullivan Lincoln, Sr. Gore Gerry Strong Brooks Eustis Morton Lincoln, Jr. Davis Armstrong Everett Morton Davis Morton Briggs Boutwell Clifford E. Washburn Gardner Banks Andrew Bullock Claflin W. Washburn Talbot Gaston Rice Talbot Long Butler Robinson Ames Brackett Russell Greenhalge Wolcott Crane Bates Douglas Guild Draper Foss Walsh McCall Coolidge Cox Fuller Allen Ely Curley Hurley Saltonstall Tobin Bradford Dever Herter Furcolo Volpe Peabody Volpe Sargent Dukakis King Dukakis Weld Cellucci Swift Romney Patrick Italics indicate acting officeholders v d e Cabinet of President James Madison (1809–1817) Vice President George Clinton (1809–1812) Â· Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814) Secretary of State Robert Smith (1809–1811) Â· James Monroe (1811–1814, 1815–1817) Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin (1809–1814) Â· George W. Campbell (1814) Â· Alexander J. Dallas (1814–1816) Â· William H. Crawford (1816–1817) Secretary of War William Eustis (1809–1813) Â· John Armstrong, Jr. (1813–1814) Â· James Monroe (1814–1815) Â· William H. Crawford (1815–1816) Attorney General Caesar A. Rodney (1809–1811) Â· William Pinkney (1811–1814) Â· Richard Rush (1814–1817) Secretary of the Navy Paul Hamilton (1809–1813) Â· William Jones (1813–1814) Â· Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (1814–1817) Persondata Name Gerry, Elbridge Alternative names Short description Date of birth July 17, 1744 Place of birth Marblehead, Massachusetts Date of death November 23, 1814 Place of death Washington, D.C. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elbridge_Gerry&oldid=476519187" Categories: Madison administration cabinet members1744 births1814 deathsAmerican people of English descentBurials at the Congressional CemeteryCardiovascular disease deaths in Washington, D.C.Continental Congressmen from MassachusettsSigners of the Articles of ConfederationGovernors of MassachusettsHarvard University alumniMembers of the United States House of Representatives from MassachusettsPeople of the Quasi-WarPeople from Cambridge, MassachusettsSigners of the United States Declaration of IndependenceUnited States vice-presidential candidates, 1812Vice Presidents of the United StatesMassachusetts Democratic-RepublicansDemocratic-Republican Party Vice Presidents of the United StatesPeople from Marblehead, MassachusettsHidden categories: Persondata templates without short description parameter Personal tools Log in / create account Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history Actions Search Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article

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