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| Common committee procedures | |
| 2>
It is common for a chairperson to organize a committee meeting through an agenda, which is usually distributed in advance.
The chairperson is responsible for running meetings: keeping the discussion on the appropriate subject, recognizing members (calling on them to speak) [often omitted in smaller committees], and calling for votes after a debate has taken place [formal voting is normally only done in committees involved in governance]. Governance committees often have formal processes (for example, they might follow Roberts Rules of Order); other types of committees typically operate informally, with the chairperson being responsible for deciding how formal the committee processes will be.
Minutes, a record of the discussion and decisions of the meeting, are often taken by a person designated as the secretary of the committee; they may be legally obligatory (again, typically for governance committees, especially boards of directors).
For committees that meet regularly, the minutes of the most recent meeting are often circulated to committee members before the next meeting, and are available to the membership of the whole.
Committees may meet on a regular basis, often weekly or yearly, or meetings may be called irregularly as the need arises. During an emergency, a committee may meet more than once per day, or sit in permanent session, as, for example, ExComm (the President's Executive Committee) did during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
[edit] Tags:Minutes,Cuban Missile Crisis,Meetings, | |
| Subcommittees | |
| 2>
A committee that is a subset of a larger committee is called a subcommittee.
Where the larger group has a name other than "committee" - for example, "Board" or "Commission", the smaller group(s) would usually be called committee(s), not subcommittee(s), and might go by an entirely different name, or substitute "Commission" for "Committee". For example in the sciences, the "International Commission on Stratigraphy" (ICS) a standing working committee is doing organizational work establishing uniform naming and benchmarks in the geologic record and timeline since 1974, all under the auspices of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). It is technically the "International Stratigraphy Committee" (ISC), which has limited executive committee powers to impanel other subcommittees (also called commissions) to resolve certain matters involving the Geologic time scale—its deliberations and those of its subcommittees must be adopted by the IUGS which meets in a committee-of-the-whole or Congress, every four years or so to deliberate on the subcommittee recommendations and officially adopt or not-adopt such.
From the foregoing, it can easily be seen subcommittees can generally be classified further by the adjectives: "Executive", "Standing", and "Working":
Executive committees
A subcommittee which has well defined executive powers usually spelled out in the charter or by-laws and which meets frequently to manage the affairs and further the purposes of an organization or entity. These are commonly empanelled as well when an organization has a large Board of Directors such as an international labor union, large corporations (with thousands of stock holders) or national and international organizations. A Board of directors is itself a kind of Executive committee established by the charter and by-laws of the entity and elected by the overall franchised membership. For organizations where the Board of Directors is large - say 20 people or more - it is common to have an Executive Committee of the Board—an executive subcommittee of Board members, which is authorized to make some decisions on behalf of the entire Board.
Standing committees
A committee established by an official and binding vote providing for its scope and powers. Most governmental legislative subcommittees are standing committees, which by another name is a permanent committee. Standing committees meet on a regular or irregular basis dependent upon their enabling act, and retain any power or oversight claims originally given them until subsequent official actions of the committee of the whole (changes to law or by-laws) disbands the committee.
Working committees
An ad hoc committee established to accomplish a particular task or to oversee an ongoing area in need of control or oversight. Many are research or co-ordination committees in type or purpose, and can be temporary. Some are a sub-group of a larger society with a particular area of interest which decides to meet and discuss matters pertaining to their interests. For example a group of astronomers might get together ad hoc to discuss how to get the larger society to address near earth objects; A subgroup of engineers and scientists of a large project's development team could meet ad hoc to solve some particular issue with offsetting considerations and trade-offs. The term when used officially, generally means a group with specific duties and related authority, so when encountered in official contexts subsumes all other official types of committees. The International Commission on Stratigraphy and its subcommittees (commissions in name) are working committees that meet both far more regularly and more frequently both in deliberation and co-ordination furthering the needs of the IUGS (which regularly schedules meetings only every fourth year) and the larger scientific community.
[edit] Tags:Research,Sciences,International Commission On Stratigraphy,Benchmarks,Geologic Record,International Union Of Geological Sciences,Executive Powers,By-laws,Labor Union,Ics,Naming, | |
| A basic need | |
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Committees are a necessary aspect of organizations of any significant size (say, more than 15 or 20 people). They keep the number of participants manageable; with larger groups, either many people do not get to speak (and feel left out), or discussions are quite lengthy (and many participants find them duplicative and often boring).
[edit] Tags: | |
| Cross-field reasons | |
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Committees are a way to formally draw together people of relevant expertise from different parts of an organization who otherwise would not have a good way to share information and coordinate actions. They may have the advantage of widening viewpoints and sharing out responsibilities. They can also be empaneled with experts to recommend actions by the committee of the whole in matters that require specialized knowledge or technical judgment. A "Defense" or "Banking" subcommittee in legislative bodies or the many International science commissions such as the ICS mentioned above, or a local "board of health" are or may be such.
[edit] Tags:Board Of Health, | |
| Conference committee | |
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It has been suggested that Conference committee be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since March 2010.
[edit] Tags:Merged, | |
| Standing committees | |
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A standing committee is a subunit of a political or deliberative body established in a permanent fashion to aid the parent assembly in accomplishing its duties. A standing committee is usually granted jurisdiction over a particular area of legislation by the parent body.
Under the laws of the United States of America, a standing committee is a Congressional committee permanently authorized by United States House of Representatives and United States Senate rules. The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 greatly reduced the number of committees, and set up the legislative committee structure still in use today, as modified by authorized changes via the orderly mechanism of rules changes.
[edit] Tags:United States House Of Representatives,United States Senate,United States, | |
| Standing committees in legislatures | |
| 3>
The phrase is used in the legislatures of the following countries:
Australia: see Australian House of Representatives committees and Australian Senate committees
Canada: see Standing committee (Canada)
China: see Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, or Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Iceland: see Standing committee (Iceland)
India: see Standing committee (India)
United Kingdom: see Public bill committee
United States: see Standing committee (United States Congress)
[edit] Tags:Legislatures,Australia,Canada,China,Iceland,India,United Kingdom,Bill, | |
| Parliamentary committees | |
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In the parliamentary procedure take part:
Fiscal committee, if the bill contains an appropriation or has financial implications for the state or federation.
Policy committee. Appropriate committee to the subject matter.
Rules committee. The rules committee of the House assigns each bill to a policy committee.
[edit] Tags:Parliamentary Procedure,Appropriation, | |
| Steering committee | |
| 2>
A steering committee is a committee that provides guidance, direction and control to a project within an organization.[1] The term is derived from the steering mechanism that changes the desired course of a vehicle.
Project Steering Committees are frequently used for guiding and monitoring the information technology projects in large organizations, as part of project governance. The functions of the committee might including building a business case for the project, planning, providing assistance and guidance, monitoring the progress, controlling the project scope and resolving conflicts.
[edit] Tags:Information Technology, | |
| See also | |
| 2>
Committee of the Whole
List of Committees of the United Kingdom Parliament
List of IEC Technical Committees
List of the Czech Republic Senate committees
Quorum
Standing Committees of the European Parliament
United States Congressional committee
[edit] Tags:Quorum, | |
| References | |
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^ Mcleod (2008). Management Information Systems (10 ed.). Pearson Education. p. 201. ISBN 978-81-317-1949-7.
v
d
e
Parliamentary procedure
Major concepts
Deliberative assembly · Motions · Main motion · Quorum · Session · Chair · Committee · Committee of the whole · Dilatory motions and tactics · Minutes · Second · History of parliamentary procedure · Principles of parliamentary procedure · Voting methods in deliberative assemblies · Floor
Subsidiary motions
Postpone indefinitely · Amend · Commit · Postpone to a certain time · Limit or extend limits of debate · Previous question · Lay upon the table · Place upon the table
Privileged motions
Call for the orders of the day · Raise a question of privilege · Recess · Adjourn · Fix the time to which to adjourn
Incidental motions
Point of order · Appeal · Suspend the rules · Objection to the consideration of a question · Division of a question · Consideration by paragraph or seriatim · Division of the assembly · Motions relating to methods of voting and the polls · Motions relating to nominations
Incidental motions
(Requests and inquiries)
Parliamentary inquiry · Point of information · Request for permission to withdraw or modify a motion · Request to read papers · Request to be excused from a duty · Request for any other privilege
Motions that bring a question
again before the assembly
Take from the table · Rescind, repeal, annul or amend something previously adopted · Discharge a committee · Reconsider
Legislative procedure
Call of the house · Hoist · Pass on
Disciplinary procedures
Censure · Declare the chair vacant · Impeach · Naming
Parliamentary authorities
Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR) · The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (TSC or Sturgis) · Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure · Riddick's Rules of Procedure · Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure · Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Committee&oldid=474471122"
Categories: Political organizationsHuman communicationClubs and societiesCommunity organizingCommitteesLegislaturesMeetingsParliamentary procedurePolitical communicationHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from December 2009All articles needing additional referencesArticles to be merged from March 2010All articles to be merged
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Tags:Floor,Subsidiary Motions,Place Upon The Table,Privileged Motions,Fix The Time To Which To Adjourn,Incidental Motions,Motions Relating To Nominations,Requests And Inquiries,Request For Any Other Privilege,Motions That Bring A Question,Reconsider,Pass On,Disciplinary Procedures,Parliamentary Authorities,Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice,Categories, | |
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