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| Characteristics | |
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Although the caipira accent originated in the state of São Paulo, the language of the state capital is now a very different variety close to standard Portuguese, albeit with some remotely Italian-influenced elements. Caipira is spoken mostly in the countryside.
Phonetically, the most important differences in comparison with standard Brazilian Portuguese are the approximant [ɹ] for ⟨rr⟩, and the merger of /ʎ/ (written ⟨lh⟩ in Portuguese) into the semivowel /j/. Coda ⟨l⟩ is frequently modified into [ɹ], instead of the [w] used in most of Brazil. There are other important changes, as in the following examples:
Standard Brazilian Portuguese
Caipira Portuguese
English
Spelling
Pronunciation (IPA)
Pronunciation spelling
Pronunciation (IPA)
flor
[ˈfloʁ]
frô
[ˈfɾo]
flower
falso
[ˈfawsʊ]
farso
[ˈfaɹsʊ]
false
melhor
[meˈʎɔʁ]
mió
[miˈjɔ]
better
voar
[vʊˈaʁ]
avuá
[avʊˈa]
to fly
você
[voˈse]
ocê
[oˈse]
you
ganhamos
[ɡɐ̃ˈɲɐ̃mʊs] or [ɡɐ̃ˈɲɐ̃mʊʃ]
ganhemo
[ɡɐ̃ˈɲɛmʊ]
we won
voltamos
[vowˈtɐ̃mʊs] or [vowˈtɐ̃mʊʃ]
vortemo
[voɹˈtɛmʊ]
we came back
bêbado
[ˈbebadu]
beudo
[ˈbewdu]
drunk
There are some significant differences in caipira morphology and syntax. For example:
The negative adverb não has distinct strong and weak forms, não [nɐ̃ʊ̯̃] in short replies, and num [nʊ̃] for negative phrases.
In plural forms only the article or pronoun is inflected, and the adjective often remains uninflected, e.g.: standard Portuguese: essas coisas bonitas [ˈɛsɐsˈkoizɐz bʊˈnitɐs] "those beautiful things" (those-PL beautiful-PL thing-PL) ↔ caipira: essas coisa bonita [ˈɛsɐsˈkoizɐ bʊˈnitɐ] (those-PL beautiful-∅ thing-∅).
Despite these differences, a speaker of standard Portuguese has no difficulty at all understanding caipira.
Like other Portuguese accents in Brazil, caipira is not and has never been considered a separate language. It has no tradition in literature, nor a definite standard for spelling and it is merely considered as a colloquial mode of Portuguese.
Non-standard orthography intended to convey Caipira pronunciation is featured prominently in the popular children's comic book Chico Bento, in which some (but not all) characters speak in this dialect.
[edit] Tags:Brazilian Portuguese,Portuguese,São Paulo,The State Of São Paulo,Approximant ,ʎ,J,Coda,ɹ,W,Ipa,Chico Bento,Brazilian, | |
| See also | |
| 2>
Brazilian Portuguese
Portuguese dialects
Portuguese phonology
Mineiro
Carioca
Carcamano
Gaúcho
[edit] Tags:Portuguese Dialects,Portuguese Phonology,Mineiro,Carioca,Carcamano,Gaúcho, | |
| External links | |
| 2>
(Portuguese) "O Dialeto Caipira", by Amadeu Amaral
(Portuguese) "Histórias do Zeca Tira 2 – 'As Pinga'", by Adelmario Sampaio – a sample of the caipira dialect in written form
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See also
Geographic distribution of Portuguese · Portuguese phonology · Portuguese vocabulary
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