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| History and outlook | |
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The first standard for C was published by ANSI. Although this document was subsequently adopted by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and subsequent revisions published by ISO have been adopted by ANSI, the name ANSI C (rather than ISO C) is still more widely used. While some software developers use the term ISO C, others are standards body–neutral and use Standard C.
[edit] Tags:International Organization For Standardization,Standard, | |
| C89 | |
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In 1983, the American National Standards Institute formed a committee, X3J11, to establish a standard specification of C. After a long and arduous process, the standard was completed in 1989 and ratified as ANSI X3.159-1989 "Programming Language C." This version of the language is often referred to as "ANSI C", or sometimes "C89" (to distinguish it from C99).
[edit] Tags:American National Standards Institute,C99,Gui, | |
| C90 | |
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In 1990, the ANSI C standard (with a few minor modifications)[citation needed] was adopted by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO/IEC 9899:1990. This version is sometimes called C90. Therefore, the terms "C89" and "C90" refer to essentially the same language.
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| C99 | |
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Main article: C99
In March 2000, ANSI adopted the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard. This standard is commonly referred to as C99.
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| C11 | |
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Main article: C11 (C standard revision)
"C11" is the new standard for the C programming language.
[edit] Tags:C Programming Language,C11 (c Standard Revision), | |
| Support from major compilers | |
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This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2011)
ANSI C is now supported by almost all the widely used compilers. Most of the C code being written nowadays is based on ANSI C. Any program written only in standard C and without any hardware dependent assumptions is virtually guaranteed to compile correctly on any platform with a conforming C implementation. Without such precautions, most programs may compile only on a certain platform or with a particular compiler, due, for example, to the use of non-standard libraries, such as GUI libraries, or to the reliance on compiler- or platform-specific attributes such as the exact size of certain data types and byte endianness.
[edit] Tags:Cite,Reliable Sources,Challenged,References Or Sources,Platform,Endianness,Compilers,Libraries, | |
| Compliance detectability | |
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To mitigate the differences between K&R C and the ANSI C standard, the __STDC__ ("standard c") macro can be used to split code into ANSI and K&R sections.
#if __STDC__
extern int getopt(int, char * const *, const char *);
#else
extern int getopt();
#endif
It's better to use "#if __STDC__" as above rather than "#ifdef __STDC__" because some implementation may set __STDC__ to zero to indicate non-ANSI compliance. "#if" will treat any identifiers that couldn't be replaced by a macro as zero (0). Thus even if the macro "__STDC__" is not defined to signify non-ANSI compliance, "#if" will work as shown.
In the above example, a prototype is used in a function declaration for ANSI compliant implementations, while an obsolescent non-prototype declaration is used otherwise. Those are still ANSI-compliant as of C99 and C90, but their use is discouraged.
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| Compilers supporting ANSI C | |
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GCC
Microsoft Visual C++ (C90. A few features of C99)
ARM RealView
LCC
OpenWatcom (C89/90 and some C99)
[edit] Tags:Gcc,Microsoft Visual C++,Arm,Lcc,Openwatcom, | |
| External links | |
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ISO C working group
Draft ANSI C Standard (ANSI X3J11/88-090) (May 13, 1988), Third Public Review
Draft ANSI C Rationale (ANSI X3J11/88-151) (Nov 18, 1988)
C Information Bulletin #1 (ANSI X3J11/93-007) (May 27, 1992)
Schreiner, Axel-Tobias (Hanser). Object oriented programming with ANSI-C. Hanser. ISBN 3-446-17426-5. hdl:1850/8544.
"ISO/IEC 9899:1999 Programming Languages -- C". American National Standards Institute. http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO%2FIEC+9899%3A1999.
"ANSI Standards Action Vol. 36, #48". American National Standards Institute. 2005-12-02. http://publicaa.ansi.org/sites/apdl/Documents/Standards%20Action/2005%20PDFs/SAV3648.pdf.
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Category:C programming language
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Categories: C programming languageProgramming language standardsANSI standardsHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from July 2010All articles lacking sourcesAll articles with unsourced statementsArticles with unsourced statements from March 2011Articles needing additional references from June 2011All articles needing additional references
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