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| History | |
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Originally called "Philosophical Society" and founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin, along with co-founder John Bartram, the discussion group was an offshoot of his earlier club, the Junto. It was founded two years after the University of Pennsylvania and the institutions remain closely tied.
From the beginning, the Society attracted some of America's finest minds. Early members included George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson[2], Alexander Hamilton, James McHenry, Thomas Paine, David Rittenhouse, Nicholas Biddle, Owen Biddle, Benjamin Rush, James Madison, Michael Hillegas, John Marshall, and clergyman, John Andrews. The Society also drew philosophers from other nations as members, including Alexander von Humboldt, the Marquis de Lafayette, Baron von Steuben, Tadeusz Kościuszko, and Princess Dashkova.
By 1746 the Society had lapsed into inactivity. In 1767, however, it was revived, and, on January 2, 1769, it united with the American Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge under the name "American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge". Benjamin Franklin was elected first president of the group.[3] During this time, the society maintained a standing Committee on American Improvements; one of its investigations was to study the prospects of a canal to connect the Chesapeake and the Delaware waterways.[4]
After the American Revolution, the Society looked for leadership to Francis Hopkinson, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Independence. Under his influence, the Society received land from the government of Pennsylvania, along with a plot of land in Philadelphia where Philosophical Hall now stands.
Illustrious names have continually been added to the membership roster, reflecting the society's scope. Charles Darwin, Robert Frost, Louis Pasteur, Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, John James Audubon, Linus Pauling, Margaret Mead, Maria Mitchell, and Thomas Edison became members of the Society. The Society continues to attract names of high renown today, with a current membership list (as of the April 2005 elections) of 920 members, including 772 Resident members (citizens or residents of the United States) and 148 Foreign members representing more than two dozen countries.
Many members of the Society of the Cincinnati were among APS' first board members and contributors; today the APS and SOC still maintain an informal, collegial relationship.
[edit] Tags:Philadelphia,Benjamin Franklin,John Bartram,Junto,University Of Pennsylvania,George Washington,John Adams,Thomas Jefferson,Alexander Hamilton,James Mchenry,Thomas Paine,David Rittenhouse,Nicholas Biddle,Owen Biddle,Benjamin Rush,James Madison,Michael Hillegas,John Marshall,John Andrews,Alexander Von Humboldt,Marquis De Lafayette,Baron Von Steuben,Tadeusz Kościuszko,Princess Dashkova,American Revolution,Leadership,Francis Hopkinson,Declaration Of Independence,Pennsylvania,Charles Darwin,Robert Frost,Louis Pasteur,Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz,John James Audubon,Linus Pauling,Margaret Mead,Maria Mitchell,Thomas Edison,Society Of The Cincinnati,Delaware,Washington, | |
| Awards | |
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American Philosophical Society Hall, Philadelphia. HABS photo
In 1786, the Society established the Magellanic Premium, a prize for achievement in "navigation, astronomy, or natural philosophy", the oldest scientific prize awarded by an American institution, which it still awards. Other awards include the Barzun prize for cultural history, Judson Daland Prize for Outstanding Achievement in Clinical Investigation, the Benjamin Franklin Medal, the Lashley award for neurobiology, the Lewis award, and the Jefferson medal for distinguished achievement in the arts, humanities, or social sciences.
[edit] Tags:Humanities,Sciences,Magellanic Premium,Astronomy,Barzun Prize,Judson Daland Prize,Lashley Award,Neurobiology,Lewis Award,Jefferson Medal, | |
| Publications | |
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The APS has published the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society since 1771. Currently five issues appear each year. The Proceedings have appeared since 1838: they publish the papers delivered at the biannual meetings of the Society. The Society has also published the collected papers of Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Henry, William Penn, and Lewis and Clark.
[edit] Tags:Joseph Henry,William Penn,Lewis And Clark, | |
| American Philosophical Society Museum | |
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The American Philosophical Society Museum hosts exhibitions exploring history, art, and science using its collections. Opened in 2001, the museum is located at the Society's Philosophical Hall, adjacent to Independence Hall, at 104 South Fifth Street in Philadelphia. The Museum in Philosophical Hall features revolving, thematic exhibitions that explore the intersections of history, art, and science. Exhibitions include works of art, scientific instruments, original manuscripts, rare books, natural history specimens, and curiosities of all kinds from the APS's own collections, along with objects on loan from other institutions.[5]
[edit] Tags:Independence Hall, | |
| References | |
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^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2007-01-23. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html.
^ "American Philosophical Society selected records, 1784-1954". Archives of American Art. 2011. http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/american-philosophical-society-selected-records-10947. Retrieved 17 Jun 2011.
^ New International Encyclopedia
^ Carter Goodrich, Government Promotion of American Canals and Railroads, 1800-1890 (Greenwood Press, (1960) at Questia)
^ American Philosophical Society Museum: About. ARTINFO. 2008. http://www.artinfo.com/galleryguide/22252/8770/about/american-philosophical-society-philadelphia/. Retrieved 2008-07-25
[edit] Tags:New International Encyclopedia,National Park Service, | |
| External links | |
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Wikisource has the text of a 1920 Encyclopedia Americana article about The American Philosophical Society.
The American Philosophical Society
American Philosophical Society Museum
American Philosophical Society publications
Notes on the American Philosophical Society from the Scholarly Societies project
Listing and photographs of Philosophical Hall at the Historic American Buildings Survey
Listing of Philosophical Hall at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings
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Categories: Professional associations based in the United StatesPhilosophical societiesBuildings and structures in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaOrganizations based in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaNational Historic Landmarks in PennsylvaniaNational Register of Historic Places in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania1743 establishmentsLearned societies of the United StatesMuseums in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaArt museums in PennsylvaniaHistory museums in PennsylvaniaScience museums in PennsylvaniaBenjamin FranklinLibraries in Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from February 2008All articles needing additional referencesArchives of American Art related
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