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| Overview | |
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This century is noted for being a time of repeated disaster and instability both internally and externally for the Western Roman Empire, which finally unravelled, and came to an end in AD 476. The west was ruled by a succession of weak emperors, and true power began to fall increasingly into the hands of powerful generals. Internal instability and pressing military problems caused by foreign invaders finally resulted in the sacking of Rome by a Visigoth army in 410. Some recovery was made in the following decades, but the Western Empire received a serious blow when another barbarian group, the Vandals, occupied Carthage, capital of the extremely important province of Africa, a major supplier of wealth and grain. Attempts to retake the province were interrupted by the invasions of the Huns under Attila. After Attila's final defeat and death both Eastern and Western empires joined forces for a final assault on Vandal North Africa, but their campaign was a spectacular failure.
[edit] Tags:Decades,Western Roman Empire,476,Emperors,Visigoth,410,Vandals,Carthage,Africa,Huns,Attila,Rome,Sack, | |
| Events | |
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Romulus Augustus, Last Western Roman Emperor
399 – 412: The Chinese Buddhist monk Faxian sails through the Indian Ocean and travels throughout Sri Lanka and India to gather Buddhist scriptures.
c. 401: Buddhist monk and translator of sutras, Kumarajiva into Chinese arrives in Chang'an
Early 5th century – Baptistry of Neon, Ravenna, Italy, is built.
406: The eastern frontier of the Western Roman Empire collapses as waves of Suevi, Alans, and Vandals cross the frozen Rhine near Mainz, and enter Gaul.
407: Constantine III leads many of the Roman military units from Britain to Gaul, occupying Arles (Arelate). This is generally seen as Rome's withdrawal from Britain.
410: Rome sacked by Visigoths led by their king Alaric.
Great Britain is abandoned by the Romans, the Early Middle Ages begin.
411: Suebi establish the first independent Christian kingdom of Western Europe in Gallaecia.
413: St. Augustine, bishop of Hippo begins to write The City of God.
c. 430: Ilopango erupted, devastating Mayan cities in present-day El Salvador.
439: Vandals conquer Carthage.
At some point after 440, the Anglo-Saxons settle in Britain. The traditional story is that they were invited there by Vortigern.
451: Huns under Attila facing the Romans and the Visigoths are defeated in the Battle of Chalons.[1]
452: Metropolis of Aquileia is destroyed by Attila the Hun
452: Pope Leo I meets personally with Attila on the Micino River and convinces him not to sack Rome.
453: Death of Attila. The Hunnic Empire is divided between his sons.
454: Battle of Nedao. Germanic tribes destroy the main Hunnic army and throw off Hunnic domination.
455: Vandals sack Rome.
455: City of Chichen Itza is founded in Mexico.
469: Death of Dengizich, last Khan of the Hunnic Empire.
470: Riothamus, King of the Britons, helped the Roman Empire in Brittany against Visigoths.
476: August 28: Deposition of Romulus Augustulus by Odoacer: traditional date for the Fall of Rome in the West.
477 (or 497): Chan Buddhists found the Shaolin Monastery on Mount Shan in Henan, China.
480: Assassination of Julius Nepos, the last de jure Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, in Dalmatia.
481: Clovis I becomes king of the Western Franks upon the death of Childeric I.
486: Clovis defeats Syagrius and conquers the last free remnant of the Western Roman Empire.
490: Battle of Mount Badon (approximate date). According to legend, British forces led by Arthur defeated the invading Saxons.
491: King Clovis I defeats and subjugates the Kingdom of Thuringia in Germany.
493: Theodoric the Ostrogoth ousts Odoacer to become king of Italy.
494: Northern Gaul is united under Frankish King Clovis I, founder of the Merovingian dynasty.
496: Battle of Tolbiac. King Clovis subjugates the Alamanni, and is baptized as a Catholic with a large number of Franks by Remigius, bishop of Reims
Buddhism reaches Burma and Indonesia.
African and Indonesian settlers reach Madagascar.
Hopewell tradition ends in North America.
[edit] Tags:401,Buddhist,Faxian,Indian Ocean,Kumarajiva,Chang'an,Baptistry Of Neon,Ravenna,Italy,Suevi,Alans,Rhine,Mainz,Gaul,Constantine Iii,Arles,Visigoths,Alaric,Great Britain,Suebi,First Independent Christian Kingdom,Gallaecia,St. Augustine,Hippo,The City Of God,Ilopango,Mayan Cities,El Salvador,Anglo-saxons,Britain,Vortigern,Romans,Battle Of Chalons,Aquileia,Pope Leo I,Micino,Hunnic Empire,Battle Of Nedao,Chichen Itza,Dengizich,Khan,Riothamus,Brittany,Romulus Augustulus,Odoacer,Fall Of Rome,Shaolin Monastery,Mount Shan,Henan,China,Julius Nepos,Dalmatia,Clovis I,Western Franks,Childeric I,Syagrius,Mount Badon,Legend,Arthur,Saxons,Thuringia,Theodoric,Ostrogoth,King Of Italy,Merovingian Dynasty,Battle Of Tolbiac,Alamanni,Catholic,Remigius,Reims,Buddhism,Burma,Indonesia,African,Indonesian,Madagascar,Hopewell Tradition,North America,Attila The Hun,Clovis,Leo I,Help, | |
| Significant persons | |
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Aetius, last of the great Roman generals
Alaric I, king of the Visigoths that sacked Rome
Aspar, Eastern Roman general and politician
Attila the Hun, king of the Huns
Augustine of Hippo, bishop, theologian
Bahram V, Sassanid Shah of Persia
Bodhidharma, founder of Chan Buddhism
Boniface, Roman comes in charge of the province of Africa
John Chrysostom, Patriarch of Constantinople
Clovis, first Frankish king to unite the Franks; first barbarian king to convert to Catholicism
Cyril of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria, theologian
Dioscorus, patriarch of Alexandria
Faxian, Chinese Buddhist monk
Geiseric, Vandal king and founder of the Vandal kingdom in North Africa
Gelasius, bishop of Rome
Hawaiiloa, discovered and settled Hawaii
Huiyuan, Chinese Buddhist
Hypatia of Alexandria, woman philosopher
Jerome, Christian hermit, priest, Latin translator of Bible and other theological works
John Cassian, Christian monk and theologian
Kumarajiva, (344-413), Buddhist monk and Chinese translator
Leo I, bishop of Rome, theologian
Saint Mesrob, Armenian monk
Nestorius, archbishop of Constantinople, father of Nestorian heresy
Niall Noigiallach, founder of one of Ireland's greatest dynasties
Patrick, Catholic bishop of Armagh in Ireland, completed the conversion to Christianity in Ireland
Pelagius, priest from Britain, father of Pelagianism
Ricimer, Western Roman general, politician and ruler
Riothamus, King of the Britons, a candidate for the legendary King Arthur
Tyrannius Rufinus, priest of Aquileia, hermit, Latin translator
Socrates Scholasticus, Byzantine Church historian
Sozomen, Christian church historian
Theoderic the Great, Ostrogothic king
Yazdegerd I, Sassanid Shah of Persia
Zu Chongzhi, Chinese astronomer and mathematician
[edit] Tags:Aetius,Alaric I,Aspar,Augustine Of Hippo,Bahram V,Sassanid,Bodhidharma,Chan Buddhism,Boniface,John Chrysostom,Patriarch Of Constantinople,Catholicism,Cyril Of Alexandria,Patriarch Of Alexandria,Dioscorus,Geiseric,Gelasius,Hawaiiloa,Hawaii,Huiyuan,Hypatia Of Alexandria,Jerome,Latin,John Cassian,Saint Mesrob,Nestorius,Constantinople,Nestorian,Niall Noigiallach,Ireland,Patrick,Christianity,Pelagius,Pelagianism,Ricimer,King Arthur,Tyrannius Rufinus,Socrates Scholasticus,Sozomen,Theoderic The Great,Yazdegerd I,Zu Chongzhi,Astronomer,Mathematician, | |
| Inventions, discoveries, introductions | |
| 2>
Horse collar invented in China
Heavy plow in use in Slavic lands
Metal horseshoes become common in Gaul
Anglo-Saxon futhorc alphabet used in England
Armenian alphabet created by Mesrob Mashtots c. 405
[edit] Tags:Horse Collar,Plow,Slavic,Horseshoes,Anglo-saxon Futhorc,England,Armenian Alphabet,Mesrob Mashtots,405, | |
| Decades and years | |
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5th century
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5th_century&oldid=470414626"
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Tags:Millennium,Centuries,410s,420s,430s,440s,450s,460s,470s,480s,490s,500, | |
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