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Polybius' "The Histories" translated in to Italian, English, German and French.[1]
Mississippian culture disappears.
Medallion rug, variant Star Ushak style, Anatolia (modern Turkey), is made. It is now kept at The Saint Louis Art Museum.
Portrait of a Woman by Bartolomeo Veneto, traditionally assumed to be Lucrezia Borgia. She was the illegitimate daughter of Pope Alexander VI.
Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition that circumnavigated the globe in 1519–1522.
[edit] Tags:Polybius',The Histories,Italian,English,German,French,Mississippian Culture,Ushak,Anatolia,Turkey,Saint Louis Art Museum,Bartolomeo Veneto,Lucrezia Borgia,Pope Alexander Vi,Ferdinand Magellan,Circumnavigated,1519,22,Magellan,1522, | |
| 1500–1509 | |
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1500: Guru Nanak The beginning and spreading of the 5th largest Religion in the World Sikhism.
1500: Spanish navigator Vicente Yáñez Pinzón encounters Brazil but is prevented from claiming it by the Treaty of Tordesillas.
1500: Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral claims Brazil for Portugal.
1500: The Ottoman fleet of Kemal Reis defeats the Venetians at the Second Battle of Lepanto.
1501: Michelangelo returns to his native Florence to begin work on the statue David.
1501: Safavid dynasty reunified Iran and ruled over it until 1736. Safavids adopt a Shia branch of Islam.[2]
1502: First reported African slaves in The New World
1503: Foundation of the Sultanate of Sennar by Amara Dunqas, in what is modern Sudan
1503: Spain defeats France at the Battle of Cerignola. Considered to be the first battle in history won by gunpowder small arms.
1503: Leonardo da Vinci begins painting the Mona Lisa and completes it three or four years later.
1503: Nostradamus was born on either December 14, or December 21.
1504: A period of drought, with famine in all of Spain.
1505: Zhengde Emperor ascended the throne of Ming Dynasty.
1506: King Afonso I of Kongo wins the battle of Mbanza Kongo, resulting in Catholicism becoming Kongo's state religion.
1506: At least two thousand converted Jews are massacred in a Lisbon riot.
1506: Christopher Columbus dies in Valladolid, Spain.
1506: Poland is invaded by Tatars from the Crimean Khanate.
1507: The first recorded epidemic of smallpox in the New World occurs on the island of Hispaniola and decimates the native Taíno population.[3]
1509: The Battle of Diu marks the beginning of Portuguese dominance of the Spice trade.
Gun-wielding Ottoman Janissaries and defending Knights of Saint John at the Siege of Rhodes in 1522, from an Ottoman manuscript.
Spanish conquistadors with their Tlaxcallan allies fighting against the Otomies of Metztitlan in present day Mexico, a 16th century codex
[edit] Tags:Africa,Michelangelo,Mona Lisa,1501,Spain,Portugal,New World,Islam,Safavid Dynasty,1500,Guru Nanak,Sikhism,Spanish,Vicente Yáñez Pinzón,Brazil,Treaty Of Tordesillas,Portuguese,Pedro Álvares Cabral,Ottoman Fleet,Kemal Reis,Venetians,Second Battle Of Lepanto,Florence,Iran,1736,Shia,1502,African Slaves,The New World,1503,Sultanate Of Sennar,Amara Dunqas,Sudan,France,Battle Of Cerignola,Leonardo Da Vinci,Nostradamus,1504,Drought,Famine,1505,Zhengde Emperor,Ming Dynasty,1506,Afonso I Of Kongo,Kongo's,Converted Jews,Lisbon,Christopher Columbus,Valladolid,Poland,Tatars,Crimean Khanate,1507,Smallpox,Hispaniola,1509,Battle Of Diu,Spice Trade,Janissaries,Knights Of Saint John,Siege Of Rhodes,Conquistadors,Tlaxcallan,17,21,Rhodes,Tordesillas,Venetian,Crimea, | |
| 1510s | |
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1509–10: The 'great plague' afflicts various parts of Tudor England.[4]
1511: Afonso de Albuquerque of Portugal conquers Malacca, the capital of the Sultanate of Malacca.
1512: Copernicus writes Commentariolus, and moves the sun to the center of the solar system.
1512: The southern part (historical core) of the Kingdom of Navarre is invaded by Castile and Aragon.
1513: Machiavelli writes The Prince, a treatise about political philosophy
1513: The Portuguese mariner Jorge Álvares lands at Macau, China, during the Ming Dynasty.
1513: Henry VIII crush the French at the Battle of the Spurs.
1513: The Battle of Flodden Field in which invading Scots are defeated by Henry VIII's forces.
1513: Sultan Selim I ("The Grim") orders the massacre of Shia Muslims in Anatolia.
1513: Vasco Núñez de Balboa, in service of Spain arrives at the Pacific Ocean (which he called Mar del Sur) across the Isthmus of Panama. He was the first European to do so.
1514: The Battle of Orsha halts Muscovy's expansion into Eastern Europe.
1514: The Battle of Chaldiran, the Ottoman Empire gains decisive victory against Safavid dynasty.
1515: The Ottoman Empire wrests Eastern Anatolia from the Safavids after the Battle of Chaldiran.
1516–17: The Ottomans defeat the Mamluks and gain control of Egypt, Arabia, and the Levant.
1517: The Sweating sickness epidemic hits Tudor England.[5]
1517: The Protestant Reformation begins when Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses in Saxony.
1518: Mir Chakar Khan Rind leaves Baluchistan and settled in Punjab.
1519: Leonardo da Vinci dies of natural causes at May 2.
1519: Wang Yangming, the Chinese philosopher and governor of Jiangxi province, describes his intent to use the fire power of the fo-lang-ji, a breech-loading Portuguese culverin, in order to suppress the rebellion of Prince Zhu Chen-hao.
1519: Barbary pirates led by Hayreddin Barbarossa raid Provence and Toulon in southern France.
1519: Charles I of Spain becomes Emperor of Holy Roman Empire as Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (ruled until 1556).
1519–22: Spanish expedition commanded by Magellan and Elcano first to circle Earth
1519–21: Hernán Cortés leads the Spanish conquest of Mexico.
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain.
[edit] Tags:Europe,Protestant Reformation,Ottoman Empire,10,Plague,Tudor England,1511,Afonso De Albuquerque,Malacca,Sultanate Of Malacca,1512,Copernicus,Commentariolus,Kingdom Of Navarre,Castile And Aragon,1513,Machiavelli,The Prince,Mariner,Jorge Álvares,Macau,Henry Viii,Battle Of The Spurs,Battle Of Flodden Field,Scots,Selim I,Vasco Núñez De Balboa,Pacific Ocean,Isthmus Of Panama,1514,Battle Of Orsha,Muscovy's,Battle Of Chaldiran,1515,1516,Ottomans,Mamluks,Egypt,Arabia,Levant,1517,Sweating Sickness,Martin Luther,95 Theses,Saxony,1518,Mir Chakar Khan Rind,Baluchistan,Punjab,Wang Yangming,Jiangxi,Breech-loading,Culverin,Barbary Pirates,Hayreddin Barbarossa,Provence,Toulon,Holy Roman Empire,Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor,1556,Elcano,Circle Earth,Hernán Cortés,Spanish Conquest Of Mexico,Charles V,King Of Spain, | |
| 1520s | |
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Martin Luther at age 46 (Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1529)
1520–1566: The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent marks the zenith of the Ottoman Empire.
1520: The first European diplomatic mission to Ethiopia, sent by the Portuguese, arrives at Massawa 9 April, and reaches the imperial encampment of Emperor Dawit II in Shewa 9 October.
1521: Belgrade is captured by the Ottoman Empire.
1521: After building fortifications at Tuen Mun, the Portuguese attempt to invade Ming Dynasty China, but are expelled by Chinese naval forces.
1521: Philippines encountered by Ferdinand Magellan. He was later killed in battle in central Philippines in the same year.
1521: Jiajing Emperor ascended the throne of Ming Dynasty.
1522: Rhodes falls to the Ottoman Turks of Suleiman the Magnificent.[6]
1523: Sweden gains independence from the Kalmar Union.
1524–25: German Peasants' War in the Holy Roman Empire.
1524 – Giovanni da Verrazzano is the first European to explore the Atlantic coast of North America between South Carolina and Newfoundland.
1524 - Ismail I, the founder of Safavid dynasty, dead and Tahmasp I became king.
1525: Spain and Germany defeat France at the Battle of Pavia, Francis I of France is captured.
1526: The Ottomans defeat the Kingdom of Hungary at the Battle of Mohács.
1526: Mughal Empire, founded by Babur, rules India until 1857.
1527: Sack of Rome, which is considered the end of the Italian Renaissance.
1527: Protestant Reformation begins in Sweden.
1529: The Austrians defeat the Ottoman Empire at the Siege of Vienna.
1529: Treaty of Zaragoza defined the antimeridian of Tordesillas attributing the Moluccas to Portugal and Philippines to Spain.
1529: Imam Ahmad Gragn defeats the Ethiopian Emperor Dawit II in the Battle of Shimbra Kure, the opening clash of the Ethiopian–Adal War
[edit] Tags:Renaissance,Time,Mughal Empire,Lucas Cranach The Elder,1520,1566,Suleiman The Magnificent,Ethiopia,Massawa,Dawit Ii,Shewa,1521,Belgrade,Tuen Mun,Philippines,Jiajing Emperor,1523,Sweden,Gains Independence,Kalmar Union,1524,25,German Peasants' War,Giovanni Da Verrazzano,Ismail I,Tahmasp I,1525,Germany,Battle Of Pavia,Francis I Of France,1526,Kingdom Of Hungary,Battle Of Mohács,Babur,India,1857,1527,Sack Of Rome,Italian Renaissance,1529,Austrians,Siege Of Vienna,Treaty Of Zaragoza,Antimeridian,Moluccas,Imam,Ahmad Gragn,Ethiopian,Battle Of Shimbra Kure,Ethiopian–adal War, | |
| 1530s | |
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Hans Holbein the Younger, c.1536–1537, Henry VIII, King of England and Ireland.
Vasily III, Grand Duke of Moscow by André Thévet.
1531–32: The Church of England breaks away from the Roman Catholic Church and recognizes King Henry VIII as the head of the Church.
1531: The Inca Civil War is fought between the two brothers, Atahualpa and Huáscar.
1532: Francisco Pizarro leads the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.
1533: Anne Boleyn becomes Queen of England.
1533: Elizabeth Tudor is born.
1534: Jacques Cartier claims Quebec for France.
1534: The Ottomans capture Baghdad.
1534: Affair of the Placards – Francis becomes more active in repression of French Protestants.
1535: The Münster Rebellion, an attempt of radical, millennialist, Anabaptists to establish a theocracy ends in bloodshed.
1536: Katherine of Aragon dies in Kimbolton Castle.
1536: Anne Boleyn is beheaded for adultery and treason.
1536: Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal
1536: Foundation of Buenos Aires by Pedro de Mendoza
1537: Portuguese establishes Recife in Pernambuco, north-east of Brazil.
1537: William Tyndale's partial translation of the Bible into English is published, which would eventually be incorporated into the King James Bible.
1538: Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada founds Bogotá.
1538: Spanish–Venetian fleet is defeated by the Ottoman Turks at the Battle of Preveza.
1539: Hernando de Soto explores inland North America.
[edit] Tags:Roman Catholic Church,Hans Holbein The Younger,King Of England,Ireland,Vasily Iii,Grand Duke Of Moscow,André Thévet,1531,32,Church Of England,King Henry Viii, | |
| 1540s | |
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1541: Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile.
1541: An Algerian military campaign by Charles V of Spain (Habsburg) is unsuccessful.
1541: Amazon River is encountered and explored by Francisco de Orellana.
1541: Capture of Buda and the absorption of the major part of Hungary by the Ottoman Empire.
1541: Sahib I Giray of Crimea invade Russia.
1542: War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French.
1543: Ethiopian/Portuguese troops decisively defeat the Muslim army at the Battle of Wayna Daga; Imam Ahmad Gragn killed.
1543: The Nanban trade period begins after Portuguese traders make contact with Japan.
1544: The French defeat an Imperial–Spanish army at the Battle of Ceresole.
1544: Battle of the Shirts in Scotland. The Frasers and Macdonalds of Clan Ranald fight over a disputed chiefship; reportedly, 5 Frasers and 8 Macdonalds survive.
1545: Songhai forces sack the Malian capital of Niani
1546: Michelangelo Buonarroti is made chief architect of St. Peter's Basilica.
1547: Henry VIII dies in the Palace of Whitehall on 28 January at the age of 55.
1547: Edward VI becomes King of England and Ireland on 28 January and is crowned on 20 February at the age of 9.
1547: Emperor Charles V decisively dismantles the Schmalkaldic League at the Battle of Mühlberg.
1547: Grand Prince Ivan the Terrible is crowned tsar of (All)Russia, thenceforth becoming the first Russian tsar.
1548: Battle of Uedahara: Firearms are used for the first time on the battlefield in Japan, and Takeda Shingen is defeated by Murakami Yoshikiyo.
1548: The Ming Dynasty government of China issues a decree banning all foreign trade and closes down all seaports along the coast; these Hai jin laws came during the Wokou wars with Japanese pirates.
1549: Tomé de Souza establishes Salvador in Bahia, north-east of Brazil .
An old Japanese painting depicting the battle of Kawanakajima during the Warring States period (1467–1615).
[edit] Tags: | |
| 1550s | |
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Hans Eworth, Queen Mary, c. 1555-1558
1550: Mongols led by Altan Khan invade China and besiege Beijing.
1550–1551: Valladolid debate concerning the existence of souls in Amerindians
1551: Fifth outbreak of sweating sickness in England. John Caius of Shrewsbury writes the first full contemporary account of the symptoms of the disease.
1551: North African pirates enslave the entire population of the Maltese island Gozo, between 5,000 and 6,000, sending them to Libya.
1552: Russia conquers the Khanate of Kazan.
1553: Mary Tudor becomes the first queen regnant of England.
1553: Portuguese found a settlement at Macau.
1554: Portuguese missionaries José de Anchieta and Manuel da Nóbrega establishes São Paulo, southeast Brazil.
1555: The Muscovy Company is the first major English joint stock trading company.
1556: Publication in Venice of Delle Navigiationi et Viaggi (terzo volume) by Giovanni Battista Ramusio, secretary of Council of Ten, with plan La Terra de Hochelaga, an illustration of Indian village Hochelaga. See [1]
1556: The Shaanxi Earthquake in China is history's deadliest known earthquake.
1556: Georgius Agricola, the "Father of Mineralogy", publishes his De re metallica.
1556: Akbar the Great defeats the Sultan of Bengal at the Second battle of Panipat
1556: Russia conquers the Astrakhan Khanate.
1556–1605: During his reign, Akbar expands the Mughal Empire in a series of conquests.
1556: Mir Chakar Khan Rind captured Delhi with Emperor Humayun.
1556: Pomponio Algerio, radical theologian, is executed by boiling in oil as part of the Roman inquisition.
1557: Spain became the first sovereign nation in history to declare bankruptcy. Philip II of Spain had to declare four state bankruptcies in 1557, 1560, 1575 and 1596.
1557: The Portuguese settle in Macau.
1557: The Ottomans capture Massawa, all but isolating Ethiopia from the rest of the world.
1558 Elizabeth Tudor becomes Queen Elizabeth I at age 25.
1558–1603: The Elizabethan era is considered the height of the English Renaissance.
1558–83: Livonian War between Poland, Grand Principality of Lithuania, Sweden, Denmark and Russia.
1558: After 200 years, the Kingdom of England loses Calais to France.
1559: With the Peace of Cateau Cambrésis, the Italian Wars conclude.
Suleiman the Magnificent 1494–1566.
[edit] Tags:Akbar The Great, | |
| 1560s | |
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School of François Clouet, c. 1560–1561, Mary, Queen of Scots.
1560: Ottoman navy defeats the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba.
1560: Erzsebet Bathory is born in Nyirbator, Hungary.
1560: By winning the Battle of Okehazama, Oda Nobunaga becomes one of the pre-eminent warlords of Japan
1561: Sir Francis Bacon is born in London.
1561: Guido de Bres draws up the Belgic Confession of Protestant faith.
1562: Mughal leader Akbar reconciles the Muslim and Hindu factions by marrying into the powerful Rajput Hindu caste.
1562–98: French Wars of Religion between Catholics and Huguenots.
1562: Massacre of Wassy and Battle of Dreux in the French Wars of Religion.
1563: Plague outbreak claimed 80,000 people in Elizabethan England. In London alone, over 20,000 people died of the disease.
1564: Galileo Galilei born on February 15
1564: William Shakespeare baptized 26 April
1565: Battle of Talikota fought between the Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagar and the Deccan sultanates.
1565: Mir Chakar Khan Rind died age of 97.
1565: Estácio de Sá establishes Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
1565: The Hospitallers defeat the Ottoman Empire at the Siege of Malta (1565).
1566–1648: Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Netherlands.
1567: After 45 years' reign, Jiajing Emperor died in the Forbidden City, Longqing Emperor ascended the throne of Ming Dynasty.
1567: Mary, Queen of Scots, is imprisoned by Elizabeth I.
1568–1571: Morisco Revolt in Spain.
1568–1600: The Azuchi-Momoyama period in Japan.
1569: Rising of the North in England.
1569: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is created with the Union of Lublin which lasts until 1795.
[edit] Tags:1600, | |
| 1570s | |
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Oda Nobunaga.
Nicholas Hilliard, Sir Francis Drake in 1581
1570: Ivan the Terrible orders the massacre of inhabitants of Novgorod.
1571: Pope Pius V completes the Holy League as a united front against the Ottoman Turks.
1571: The Holy League destroys the Ottoman Empire navy at the Battle of Lepanto.
1571: Crimean Tatars attack and sack Moscow, burning everything but the Kremlin.
1571: Spanish missionaries killed by Indians at what would later be Jamestown, Virginia.
1572: Brielle is taken from Habsburg Spain by Protestant Watergeuzen in the Tags: | |
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